Relación entre el perfil antropométrico y el rendimiento en salto contramovimiento y contramovimiento con manos libres en los arqueros de categorías de divisiones menores sub-17 y sub-20 de Boyacá chicó y patriotas de Tunja-Boyacá

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between anthropometric variables and vertical jump performance in youth goalkeepers from the U-17 and U-20 categories of the professional clubs Boyacá Chicó and Patriotas de Tunja (Boyacá, Colombia). A sample of eight goalkeepers was evaluated through anthropometric measurements and vertical jump tests, including the Countermovement Jump (CMJ) and the Countermovement Jump with arm swing. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were applied to examine the associations between variables. The results showed that muscle mass presented a moderate-to-high positive and statistically significant correlation with CMJ performance (r = .67; p = .035), suggesting that higher levels of lean mass favor the production of explosive force in the lower limbs. In contrast, fat mass showed a moderate negative correlation with the CMJ with arm swing (r = −.51), indicating a potential negative influence of adipose tissue on performance when the movement involves greater intersegmental coordination. Additionally, leg circumference demonstrated a strong negative correlation with the CMJ with arm swing (r = −.69; p = .056), suggesting a relevant trend between morphological characteristics and neuromuscular performance. In conclusion, muscle mass appears to be an important factor influencing explosive performance in youth goalkeepers. However, due to the small sample size, the findings should be interpreted with caution and considered preliminary evidence for this specific population.