Transparencia y Eficiencia en la Contratación Pública en Colombia: Retos Jurídicos y Administrativos del Régimen de Contratación Estatal

Abstract

Public procurement in Colombia is a key component of state management, primarily regulated by Law 80 of 1993 and Law 1150 of 2007. This study examines three main aspects: the impact of the current regulatory framework, the implementation of the Electronic Public Procurement System (SECOP), and recent corruption cases. Although the regulatory framework establishes principles of transparency, objective selection, and efficiency, its implementation faces challenges due to legal loopholes and weak oversight. SECOP has improved transparency and accessibility, but its effectiveness is limited by technological disparities and lack of training. Corruption cases, such as Hidroituango and UNGRD, reveal failures in planning and internal controls. Findings highlight the need to strengthen the regulatory framework, enhance technological interoperability, train public officials, and promote a culture of integrity in public management. The study concludes that an integrated approach combining normative, technological, and ethical strategies is essential to ensure transparency and efficiency in public procurement processes, reinforcing public trust and efficient resource use.