Tratamiento de periodontitis agresiva localizada: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Localized aggressive periodontitis is a disease of destructive infectious origin with pathogenic microorganisms associated with the disease, such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis; The periodontal treatments seek to minimize the bacterial incidence. This review focuses on a search and analysis of the different treatments of aggressive periodontal disease referred mainly to pathogenic microorganisms and to determine, in a correct or approximate way, which treatment works best. Objective: To perform a systematic review of the literature in order to compare the effectiveness of different treatments of localized aggressive periodontitis. Materials and methods: A systematic review since it follows a methodology determined by the criteria of the Prisma guide, where a search of the publications related to the topic of interest will be carried out. Results: 315 articles were obtained as a result of the search strategy performed for the 4 selected databases, selecting 14 articles that were included in the document, presenting each one of the specific characteristics and treatments that allowed evaluating the treatments that allow giving a Better care of the condition. Conclusions: The optimum treatment for patients with LAP seems to consist in a combination of conventional treatment (RAR) with antimicrobial therapy and a detailed follow-up of their evolution. The adjuvant modulation of the host, although only of emergent interest, can be hopeful in the treatment of patients with localized aggressive periodontitis. Mechanical therapy, surgical and non-surgical, combined with systemic administration of antibiotics such as: Azithromycin (AZT) or Amoxicillin + Metronidazole (AMX + MTZ) in the treatment of PALs, achieves better clinical and microbiological results when compared to mechanical therapy alone.