El pensamiento basado en riesgos y el enfoque a procesos: su aplicación en las pymes

Abstract

This review article is the result of the preliminary documents carried out to develop the research project called "Model for the integration of management systems in SMEs" in the framework of the call FODEN 2020 "Multicampus Institutional Project" of the Universidad Santo Tomas for the presentation of research projects between groups of the headquarters and sectional offices with the main office. It was developed from a systematic literature review to address risk-based thinking and process approach, seen from the management systems defined by the International Organization for Standardization. This review allowed concluding that the process approach is implicit in each of the stages proposed in the model for the implementation of an integrated management system (addressing, structuring, application, evaluation and improvement), since they are related to the management of processes through the PHVA cycle, and consolidating the idea of the process approach as one of the foundations that support the integration of systems and concluding that it is immersed in all its implementation stages. On the other hand, risk-based thinking is fundamental for the implementation, maintenance and improvement of a management system and therefore to be able to achieve an effective systems integration. The literature reviewed consolidates the integration model proposed for small and medium-sized enterprises by defining as one of its foundations the systemic approach based on risk, quality and knowledge.