Diseño y obtención de un polímero sulfonado a base de anetol, material semisintético promisorio en el desarrollo de nuevos adsorbentes de colorantes

Abstract

Due to the anthropogenic activities that promote the contamination of the water resource, including the industrial processes in which the dyes intervene, day by day alternatives for its treatment are looked for. The use of filters or systems that allow the elimination of these dyes in wastewater persists as a current environmental challenge. For this reason, a low-cost sulfonated polymer based on anethole (PAS), a major component of the essential oil of star anise, was synthesized. An insoluble white solid was obtained with a yield of 85%, which was characterized using instrumental techniques such as: infrared spectroscopy, identifying bands of sulfonic groups at 1142 and 1342 cm-1; thermogravimetric analysis, where the final phase of the thermal degradation of the polymer (90-95%) above 600 ° C was evidenced; MALDI-TOF, where an average molar mass (Mn ) between 1013 - 1412 Da was calculated; and finally, through the SEM-EDS analysis, its oval morphology was determined with irregular and smooth surfaces, detecting the presence of the characteristic elements, C (37%), O (40%), S (5%) and Na (10 %). The material obtained was used for the first time in dye adsorption tests, resulting in a maximum adsorption capacity of 30.7 mg / g for the AM dye and an adsorption kinetics described by a pseudo-second order equation, reaching equilibrium within the first 25 minutes of contact. The present data showed a better fit with the Langmuir isotherm model.