Estudio Patológico de la Vía Que Comunica al Municipio de Ipiales con el Municipio de Cuaspud Carlosama, en el Departamento de Nariño Comprendido entre el K+00 y el K4+340

Abstract

The main objective of this undergraduate thesis is to carry out a pathological study of the road connecting the municipality of Cuaspud Carlosama with the municipality of Ipiales, in the department of Nariño. The research focused on identifying, classifying, and analyzing the deteriorations present in the pavement structure, assessing their severity and the possible causes that originated them. A methodology based on systematic visual inspections, photographic records, geometric information surveying, and material characterization tests was applied, including settlement and load-bearing capacity analysis. Approximately 2 kilometers of road were evaluated, where pathologies such as longitudinal and transverse cracking (present in 90% of the segment), potholes (40%), and surface layer loss (40%) were identified. The results showed that the predominant factors in the deterioration are asphalt aging, adverse climatic conditions, and the lack of periodic maintenance. Corrective and preventive intervention strategies are proposed, prioritizing critical sectors that affect connectivity and user safety. As a conclusion, the need to implement structural rehabilitation plans and routine maintenance programs is highlighted, aiming to extend the road’s service life and optimize the available resources.