Fortalecimiento del pensamiento matemático en el conteo numérico, mediante el uso del material Montessori en los niños y niñas de 4 y 5 años de edad de Aspaen Maternal y Preescolar Atavanza en la localidad de Usaquén en Bogotá

Abstract

The present study shows how mathematics years ago and now assumes an important role in education as a transversal and important axis in the student's cognitive development, that is why solid foundations and knowledge are needed, which form the thinking and skills in the development of mathematics for progress not only in the classroom but for the activities of life. It is investigated by finding the background on the relation of quantity and number in mathematical thinking and the way in which teachers are addressed in the classroom. Constructed bases are needed that respond to the needs of the student and the understanding of mathematics. The child is active in their learning is protagonist and through their environment acquires knowledge through perception and experience and through materials from their context is associated and establishing mental patterns that through time and experiences achieve a maturation in his knowledge resolving achieving increasingly logical solutions; the child from birth acquires mathematical notions establishing relationships and in the pre-school age their learning is directed by the teacher in a more orderly and logical way where they know the numbers but they need to develop mathematical thinking, the capacity for abstraction and reasoning. The importance of offering dynamic and natural learning environments for boys and girls in the teaching of numerical counting is emphasized to strengthen mathematical processes and their experiences are demonstrative. Mention is made of aspects that contribute to the teacher's methodology. Various useful resources are also reviewed in the teaching of mathematics and importance is given to materials with the Maria Montessori model as an innovative, creative proposal in order to look at the relevance of these materials as part of fundamental in the transmission of knowledge and teaching of mathematics with the aim of teaching numerical counting strengthening mathematical thinking.