Mortalidad Cardiopulmonar por Efecto a Corto Plazo de Contaminantes Criterio del Aire en la Localidad de Kennedy

Abstract

Objective: Determine the short-term effect of air pollution that is related to mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in the locality of Kennedy through the evaluating individual and combined contaminants. Materials and methods: An ecological study proceeding from time series was carried out by means of a poison model, which determined daily averages of 24 hours, 8 hours and 3 hours, and the daily maximum for air pollutants, afterwards evaluated their effect on cardiopulmonary mortality in/at the locality of Kennedy for the period 2009 - 2014. Results: When interpreting the short-term effect within the locality of Kennedy, it was obtained that cardiovascular diseases within every age group, CO and atmospheric contaminants were the ones that reached a high risk for the population, with a value of 6,1% (IC 95%: -10,78%; 26,24%) and 3,2% (IC 95%: -13,08%; 22,53%). In addition, it was evidenced that for people over the age of 65 the risk would increase on an even higher level of CO with a value of 2,1% (IC 95%: -16,15%; 24,31%) and 2,3% (IC 95%: -24,55%; 38,66%). From the respiratory diseases it was determined it is reached in a very high level for every age group with a percentage of 4,87% (IC 95%: -11,88%; 24,80%) and 5,95% (IC 95%: -14,18%; 30,80%), within the group of over 65 years old the risk increases 3,47% (IC 95%: -15,03%; 25,98%). When a combination of contaminants within cardiopulmonary diseases was carried out it was evidenced that the main contaminants involved are the CO, which resulted in a risk of 5,2% (IC 95%: -5,58%; 17,21%). To finalize, the main cases of mortality were associated with several diseases such as Myocardial Infarction (IAM), Dysrhythmia (DR), Cerebrovascular Diseases (CERVAS), Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (EPOC), and a Respiratory infection of the lower tract areas (LRI). Conclusion: Considering that the results are not statistically significant, we concluded that air quality pollutants in the locality of Kennedy are related to cardiopulmonary mortality, but what the main pollutants caused to these problems did not include MP, CO y SO!. To stand out that everything which contaminates causes the effect to increase and therefore the percentage of the mortality also increases.