Lineamientos para la formulación de la zonificación ambiental desde el enfoque comunitario en la parte alta y media de la microcuenca Aguablanca en el municipio de Bochalema, Norte de Santander

Abstract

The present work focuses its knowledge on the application of environmental zoning of planning instruments that are not in accordance with the reality of the territory, due to several factors among which stand out, the little or almost no appropriation of the communities in the subject for various reasons and also generate several methodologies that are not articulated creating a lack of coordination at all levels and that finally negatively impact on the natural resources and their communities.

The work was developed in the upper and middle part of the Aguablanca micro-basin in the municipality of Bochalema, department of Norte de Santander, where an analysis of three planning instruments was made, such as: the Territorial Planning Scheme of 2004 - EOT, the Plan of Ordination and Management of the Pamplonita River Basin of 2014 - POMCA, and the Comprehensive Climate Change Plan Norte de Santander Department of 2018 - PICCDNS, observing that each of them presents a different zoning and generates a disarticulation that does not allow correct decision making.

Subsequently, a comparative analysis of images was carried out in a multitemporal way on the change of existing land cover and uses versus those proposed by the zoning in each planning instrument, which contrasts with the existing reality and was corroborated in the advanced routes in several sectors of the micro-basin.

Another important aspect was the identification of key actors such as the presidents of Community Action Boards, to convene people from the villages and through meetings to initially socialize the scope of the project, followed by the zoning of the three existing instruments (EOT, POMCA and PICCDNS), in order to publicize the current panorama of the territory.

In the socialization, relevant aspects were presented, such as the state of the micro-basin from 2009 to 2014, and an overflight of 2020, to show the deterioration that is being generated by the inappropriate use of the micro-basin and where the true actor has not been heard and has not been taken into account.

In the meetings held with the communities, it is possible to have a real vision of what they propose and thus compare them with what is proposed in the three instruments, showing that they were not taken into account as important actors in the formulation of the proposals for environmental zoning of the Aguablanca micro-basin as a structuring axis of the sustainable development of the region.

The fieldwork continues accompanied by tours in some sites of the micro-basin with the taking of photographic records and overflights with a drone, seeking to have a reality of the territory to be bought with the existing one in secondary information.

Finally, the environmental zoning proposal is shown from the community approach pointing to environmental sustainability, as an important contribution to the recovery and preservation of the Aguablanca micro-basin in its middle and upper part.