Maestría Gestión de Cuencas Hidrográficas

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11634/12845

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Análisis Comparativo de la Zonificación de Amenaza entre los Planes de Ordenación y Manejo de Cuencas Hidrográficas (POMCA) y los Planes de Ordenamiento Territorial (POT): Implicaciones para la Gestión de Riesgos en Colombia. Estudio de Caso: Cuenca del Río Bogotá: Municipio de Sopó
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024) Medina Mesa, Tatiana Marcela; Hernández Guzmán, Adriana; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0786-6080
This project focuses on comparing hazard zoning between the Watershed Management Plans (POMCA) and the Territorial Ordering Plans (POT) in Colombia, with a specific focus on the Bogotá River basin, particularly in Sopó. The main objective is to examine the differences and similarities between these instruments to improve the understanding and management of risks associated with natural phenomena and human activities in vulnerable areas. In the context of comprehensive water resource management and natural hazard management in Colombia, POMCA and POT are analyzed as fundamental elements for territorial planning and management. The importance of an integrated and participatory approach that considers physical, social, and economic aspects to manage water resources and human activities in the basin is highlighted. Both instruments, POMCA and POT, coordinate territorial planning and water resource management, mutually influencing the zoning of natural hazards. A detailed analysis of the updated relevant regulations provides an in-depth understanding of the responsibilities and competencies of entities concerning hazard zoning and risk management in Colombia. The updated regulatory hierarchy, the distribution of competencies among entities, the importance of environmental considerations, and the need for coherent hazard zoning based on rigorous technical studies are emphasized. The methodological guides provided by the updated regulations for hazard zoning studies in POMCA and POT are then analyzed. Decree 1640 of 2012 for POMCA and Decree 1807 of 2014 for POT are identified, along with specific guides for mass movements, floods, and torrential floods provided by entities such as the Colombian Geological Service (SGC) and the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM). The existence of methodological guidelines available in Colombia for hazard zoning is recognized, representing a significant advancement in risk management. These guides allow for more coherent results and reduce discrepancies in hazard zoning between basins and municipalities if managed on the same scales and incorporated into current POT and POMCA. Subsequently, a comparative analysis was carried out using GIS tools, where intersections between the hazard zonings of POMCA and the Basic Risk Study (EOT) of the municipality of Sopó were performed to determine the percentages in which different hazard typologies intersected and where they differed. This analysis revealed significant variations between the hazard zonings of POMCA and the Basic Risk Study of the municipality of Sopó. An analysis of the discrepancies in hazard zoning between the Bogotá River POMCA and the Basic Risk Study of the Municipality of Sopó was conducted, finding important implications for risk management and territorial planning in Colombia. Expert interviews highlighted various causes of these discrepancies, such as procedural errors and methodological differences. The implications range from inappropriate land use to administrative disputes and economic strain. To address these discrepancies, solutions such as updated regulatory and methodological reviews, technical strengthening, training, inter-institutional coordination, and monitoring are proposed.
Análisis del Componente Hídrico (Cantidad) de la Cuenca del río Grande de la Magdalena en su Reconocimiento Como Itinerario Cultural
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024) Guio Moreno, Liz Vanessa; Berrio Giraldo, Linda Ivette; Carvajal-Flórez, Elizabeth; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001347928; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001351146; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0002148010; https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=PNknL9MAAAAJ; https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=apMCYg8AAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-8850
Sostenibilidad y Efectividad de los Pagos por Servicios Ambientales en las Cuencas de los Ríos Cali y Meléndez del Distrito de Santiago de Cali
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2023) Carvajal Trujillo, Diego; Ramos Aranda, María Susana; Rivera Romero, Yamile; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001559285; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001479549; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5368-9292; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-0761
One of the main problems of the hydrographic basins in Colombia is the degradation of ecosystems due mainly to the varied anthropic activity carried out. Among the set of solutions to this situation is the implementation of economic incentives for property owners to motivate them to modify their activities towards sustainable systems. The municipality of Santiago de Cali launched the implementation of various payment for environmental services – PSA – schemes between 2010 and 2020 to promote restoration and sustainable productive development in the region's hydrographic basins. This work analyzes the viability, sustainability and effectiveness of these schemes in the noted period. Based on the conclusions derived from the analysis, recommendations are made, with a view to its continuity in a viable scenario. For this purpose, the concepts of sustainability and effectiveness of PES schemes were defined. Regarding each concept, the variables that explain it were determined and a mathematical expression was constructed that allows it to be qualified. The data for each variable were obtained based on field work, surveys and information consultation among public institutions. The recommendations were proposed seeking their application in a feasible scenario, in a local context: population of beneficiaries with socioeconomic stratification between one (1) and three (3); owners, possessors or occupants of small and medium-sized property; predominance of agricultural activity for self-sufficiency or with marginal surpluses; location in areas of ecosystem fragility and with serious land use restrictions; and, finally, precarious governance of State institutions, among the most notable conditions. Additionally, any recommendation on PES schemes must be framed in the national policy of conservation incentives and its regulatory legislation, being relevant to highlight the provisions on the matter, which had as their apex Decree Law 870 of 2017 and its subsequent regulations with the decrees 1007 of 2018 and 1207 of 2018.
Análisis del Comportamiento Extremo de la Temperatura y la Precipitación y su Relación con los Fenómenos de Variabilidad Climática (ENOS) y la Vulnerabilidad Hídrica en la Cuenca del Río Guáitara, Departamento de Nariño
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-01-26) Mejía Chamorro, Luis Armando; Carvajal Flórez, Elizabeth; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001347928; https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=PNknL9MAAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-8850
In this study, the trend of precipitation and extreme temperatures was analyzed in relation to the El Niño and La Niña climatic phenomena in the Guáitara River basin during the period 1991-2020. Daily rainfall data, maximum and minimum temperatures were used, with which climate indices were generated with two tools for analysis: RClimTool and RClimDex. The results revealed an increase in annual precipitation across much of the basin, along with a decrease in consecutive dry days (CDD) and an increase in consecutive wet days (CWD). Furthermore, maximum and minimum temperatures showed significant increases during these periods, evidencing a positive trend in the basin related to the TXX, TXN, TNN and TNX indices; Likewise, an inverse relationship was found between precipitation trends and the El Niño phenomenon, with a decrease in rainfall between 1992 and 2015, and an increase during La Niña in 1999 and 2011. Temperatures increased during El Niño, highlighting in 2015- 2016 and 2019, while they were lowest during La Niña in 1998-2001 and 2008. Regarding water vulnerability, it was found that under normal conditions more than 65% of the basin area suffers from high water shortages, and this figure increases to more than 88% in dry years. This behavior is related to the aforementioned trends of the CWD and CDD indicators in areas with high water shortages. These findings provide crucial information for the formulation of adaptation and risk management strategies in the face of climate variability in the Guáitara River basin. They also highlight the importance of monitoring and planning measures to guarantee the availability of water resources in the region, especially in extreme climate events such as El Niño and La Niña.
Sistematización de experiencia en la instalación de casetas de desinfección dotadas con paneles solares fotovoltaicos, requeridas para hacer el tratamiento de agua en la zona rural del municipio de Pasto
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2023-09-20) Pazos Portillo, Martha Cecilia,; Carvajal Floréz, Elizabeth; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001347928; https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=PNknL9MAAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-8850
This document is the description of the systematization process of the experience acquired with the installation of water disinfection booths, which have the objective of applying an aqueous solution between chlorine in a concentration of 1.5 ppm (parts per million) and water to eliminate the presence of microorganisms present in the supply sources of the aqueducts, and with this improve the quality of water for human consumption; These booths were equipped with photovoltaic solar panels, which transform solar energy into electrical energy, through an inverter, which feeds this fluid to the dosing pump, which regulates the dripping of the disinfectant solution in optimal and adequate doses. making the treatment a continuous process, as an alternative solution implemented in the rural area of the municipality of Pasto. His presentation has the purpose of evaluating and analyzing the experience of having implemented a renewable and sustainable energy, facing the problem of poor quality water supply, intended for human consumption, a situation that occurs in the rural area of the municipality of Grass, identified as one of the causes for the spread of gastrointestinal diseases, For its writing, the writing proposed by Jara (2018) was taken into account, which emphasizes the detailed process of the experience acquired through the descriptive phase, carried out in five moments, first the identification of the starting point, second the organization of the systematization plan, third, the recovery of the process lived, fourth, the realization of the substantive reflections, and fifth, the identification of the points of arrival; The author also highlights the analytical phase, which is done on the experience described, interpreting the results obtained, in the systematization process. Alluding to the description, explanation and analysis of a process already lived, compiling the learning that this left behind, highlighting positive and negative aspects, which allow the identification of shortcomings, strengths, weaknesses that, in future occasions, allows avoiding the same mistakes. Keywords: disinfection booths, photovoltaic solar panels, dosing pump, treatment, water for human consumption.
Lineamientos para la formulación de la zonificación ambiental desde el enfoque comunitario en la parte alta y media de la microcuenca Aguablanca en el municipio de Bochalema, Norte de Santander
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2023-07-11) Diaz Castañeda, Victor Manuel; Castillo de Herrera, Mercedes; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000581461; https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=lyP-PWQAAAAJ
The present work focuses its knowledge on the application of environmental zoning of planning instruments that are not in accordance with the reality of the territory, due to several factors among which stand out, the little or almost no appropriation of the communities in the subject for various reasons and also generate several methodologies that are not articulated creating a lack of coordination at all levels and that finally negatively impact on the natural resources and their communities. The work was developed in the upper and middle part of the Aguablanca micro-basin in the municipality of Bochalema, department of Norte de Santander, where an analysis of three planning instruments was made, such as: the Territorial Planning Scheme of 2004 - EOT, the Plan of Ordination and Management of the Pamplonita River Basin of 2014 - POMCA, and the Comprehensive Climate Change Plan Norte de Santander Department of 2018 - PICCDNS, observing that each of them presents a different zoning and generates a disarticulation that does not allow correct decision making. Subsequently, a comparative analysis of images was carried out in a multitemporal way on the change of existing land cover and uses versus those proposed by the zoning in each planning instrument, which contrasts with the existing reality and was corroborated in the advanced routes in several sectors of the micro-basin. Another important aspect was the identification of key actors such as the presidents of Community Action Boards, to convene people from the villages and through meetings to initially socialize the scope of the project, followed by the zoning of the three existing instruments (EOT, POMCA and PICCDNS), in order to publicize the current panorama of the territory. In the socialization, relevant aspects were presented, such as the state of the micro-basin from 2009 to 2014, and an overflight of 2020, to show the deterioration that is being generated by the inappropriate use of the micro-basin and where the true actor has not been heard and has not been taken into account. In the meetings held with the communities, it is possible to have a real vision of what they propose and thus compare them with what is proposed in the three instruments, showing that they were not taken into account as important actors in the formulation of the proposals for environmental zoning of the Aguablanca micro-basin as a structuring axis of the sustainable development of the region. The fieldwork continues accompanied by tours in some sites of the micro-basin with the taking of photographic records and overflights with a drone, seeking to have a reality of the territory to be bought with the existing one in secondary information. Finally, the environmental zoning proposal is shown from the community approach pointing to environmental sustainability, as an important contribution to the recovery and preservation of the Aguablanca micro-basin in its middle and upper part.
Plan exportador, logístico y de comercialización de uchuva al mercado de estados unidos para Frutexpo S.C.I. LTDA.
(2022-05-06) Cedeño, Maria Mercedes; Montenegro, Diana Margarita; Chavarro, Leonardo; Universidad Santo Tomás
In February 2004, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) received the importation of Colombian Uchuva to this country, allowing the opening to the most important consumer market in the world. Uchuva, a promising exotic fruit par excellence for Colombian exports, allows exporting SMEs such as FRUTEXPO S.C.I. penetrate new markets, making necessary a study that helps these companies to face this difficult challenge.
Aplicación de la metodología IFIM para el estudio de caudales ambientales en la cuenca del río Teusacá
(2020-06-15) Calderón Rivera, Dayam Soret; Jaramillo Londoño, Angela María; Mesa Fernandez, Duvan Javier
Gestión y Gobernanza del Agua en la Cuenca del Río Bogotá. Análisis con Minería De Textos
(2020-09-14) Díaz Gil, Alexandra; García, Yennifer
Bogotá river basin is the axis of territorial ordering of the department of Cundinamarca, it has been intervened and negatively affected for years. it is necessary to implement actions for the integral management of the water resource, in order to ensure its future viability. This article deals with the analysis of the information generated on the management of water resources during the last ten years in Bogotá river basin through text mining, to articulate with themes of water management. In recent years it has been generated research of interest related to water management in Bogotá river basin, such as water quality and monitoring, flood risk, which serves to provide a solution to the environmental problem that for years has suffered, however, there is still a shortage social appropriation of this knowledge by the community in general and by the entities responsible for making decisions.
Formulación de estrategias de mitigación del riesgo y adaptación al cambio climático a partir de información técnica generada durante los últimos diez años en la cuenca media del río bogotá
(2022-01-10) Sánchez Suárez, Nathalia Marcela; García Murcia, Yennifer
The objective of this academic document is to formulate strategies for risk mitigation and adaptation to climate change in the middle basin of the Bogotá River, based on technical information generated during the last ten years. This is carried out by reading and identifying the main problems and solutions raised in said information through content analysis of selected documents, complemented by semantic analysis within text mining. The strategies were formulated using the problem and objective tree technique, complemented with the strategies of the National Plan for Adaptation to Climate Change (PNACC) and the trends of healthy development of hydrographic basins at the international level. This work is divided into 7 chapters. In the first three, the problem statement, justification and objectives are established. The fourth describes the theoretical foundations, taking into account the state of the art and the conceptual framework regarding the management of hydrographic basins, risk management, adaptation to climate change and land use planning. The fifth chapter describes the study area and the methodological strategy followed for the content analysis and the complement carried out with semantic analysis through text mining. The sixth chapter describes the results according to the specific objectives set. In the seventh chapter these results are discussed and, finally, the conclusions are described.
Evaluación de los impactos ambientales generados en la cuenca del río Aguita por la orientación productiva actual
(2004) Gutiérrez Duque, Nicolás Antonio
Evaluación espacio temporal de la calidad del agua del humedal Jaboque Bogotá Colombia
(2021-11-22) Villamil Pasito, Diana Carolina; Salazar López, Liliana; Calderón Rivera, Dayam Soret
The Jaboque Wetland is considered a key ecosystem for the city of Bogotá, due to the ecosystemic and environmental services it provides; however, this body of water is subject to different environmental tensors that hinder the provision of such services and, in turn, alter the physicochemical and biological quality of the water. The Jaboque wetland is divided into three sectors, with sector 3 being the area with the greatest anthropic intervention, followed by the second sector (S2), while sector 1, which borders the Bogotá river, is subject to less anthropic pressure. In the present study, based on descriptive statistics, the water quality of the Jaboque Wetland was analyzed at a spatial and temporal level, for which, the physicochemical conditions of the wetland's water quality were determined, from the historical record of twelve ( 12) physicochemical variables: pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, BOD5, COD, conductivity, total suspended solids, oils and fats, nutrients (total phosphorus, nitrates and / or total Kjeldahl nitrogen) and surfactants, for a period of time comprised from 2004 to 2020; It should be noted that information was collected for most of the years included in the mentioned time window, as evidenced in Annex 3 and that the sampling points for which historical information was obtained were georeferenced, which allowed the visualization of the wetland sector to which each data corresponds; Likewise, it is important to mention that from the information collected, the data recorded only for the years 2004, 2005, 2012, 2016, 2017, 2019 and 2020 were analyzed, the above, because, for these years, there was information for the three sectors of the Jaboque wetland. The spatial-temporal analysis of water quality for the years 2017, 2019 and 2020 was strengthened by calculating and analyzing the ICA, BMWP / Col and ASPT indices. These indices were only applied for the three years in question, due to the fact that there was complete information on the physicochemical variables required for the calculation of the ICA, and from data of aquatic macroinvertebrates at the family level to obtain the mentioned biological indices. Finally, with the data of the physicochemical variables and the ICA, BMWP / Col and ASPT indices, the last two indices being calculated from the hydrobiological information "aquatic macroinvertebrates", the non-parametric test of Wilconxon Variance was applied and analyzed water quality at a spatial level (wetland sectors) and temporal (Years 2017, 2019 and 2020). The results obtained in the present investigation were focused on a spatial and temporal level. At the physicochemical level, for the time window between 2004 and 2020, in the three sectors of the wetland conditions of hypoxia, mineralized waters and waters contaminated by sewage prevailed. Spatially and temporally, for the years 2017, 2019 and 2020, the ICA index reflected water of poor and regular quality for the years 2017 and 2019, for the year 2020 contaminated waters for the three sectors of the wetland. On the other hand, the BMWP / Col and ASPT indices indicated highly polluted waters for the three sectors of the wetland for the years 2017 and 2019, while for the year 2020, highly contaminated waters.
Evaluación del riesgo y capacidad de respuesta del sistema Palmeras del acueducto municipal ante deslizamientos y avenidas torrenciales en Mocoa, Putumayo
(2021-05-31) Méndez, Marcela; Revelo, Mauricio; Paez, Jessica
In recent decades in the municipality, landslides and torrent flows have had the greatest negative impacts on the consolidated emergency care of the SNGRD (National Disaster Risk Management System). In this research, the risk and responsiveness of the municipal aqueduct system to landslides and torrent flows is assessed. In assessing the Mulato´s watershed at the risk of these natural events, 23 micro-watersheds were delimited, their physiographic characteristics, hydrological behavior were determined and a multivariate analysis was performed in order to obtain the maps of threat of landslides and torrent flows. On the other hand, each element of the infrastructure was analyzed, considering the risk index of the system and reliability within the period of design of the municipal aqueduct and its location risk. Finally, the contingency and emergency plan adopted by the lending company was analyzed as a risk mitigation to these threats. The results of this research focus on two aspects. The first, the risk in the basin in the face of landslides and torrent flows and the second, the sectoral risk of the aqueduct infrastructure of the municipality of Mocoa. The Mulato River Basin is in medium and high threat to landslides, and half before torrent flows. The physical infrastructure of the aqueduct is exposed to a medium and high threat to landslides and high in front of torrent flows, with the driving line being the most critical component of these phenomena presented. Analysis of physical, institutional, operational, technical and economic components determined a high vulnerability of the aqueduct system. It was also found that the responsiveness associated with the Emergency and Contingency Plan adopted by the aqueduct service provider is average. It was finally concluded that, for a return period of 20 years, the risk in the basin is medium in the face of landslides and torrent flows. Likewise, for the same return period, the aqueduct system presents an average risk to landslides and high to torrent flows, highlighting the conduction line as the only element with high risk. It should be noted that for return periods of 200 years (20 years for rain and 100 years for earthquakes) the basin presents a high risk of landslides and a half against torrent flows; the aqueduct system presents high risk for the two phenomena studied, with the adduction line and water treatment plant the most critical.
Estudio de la vulnerabilidad física, social y de los proyectos productivos de reincorporación como consecuencia de los fenómenos de remoción en masa y agentes antrópicos en el ETCR la plancha, municipio de Anorí, Antioquia
(2021-04-06) Marín Benítez, Andrea Carolina; Castillo de Herrera, Mercedes; Guerrero Rojas, Marcela
This research analyzes the physical, social and undertakings vulnerability of a community, in relation to two latent threats: mass removal phenomena and external anthropic agents in the Territorial Space for Training and Reincorporation (ETCR) La Plancha, both with the potential to affect the exposed elements in the territory, and in this way incorporate social factors that allow the management and handling of the Alto Nechí Social Watershed. The fundamental added value of the study is that it was carried out in an area that coincides with one of the places selected by the National Government and in general by the negotiators of the Peace Agreement in Colombia, to give continuity to the reincorporation process of the ex-combatants to civil society, after the Landing of Arms. This is how the ETCR La Plancha, which houses the ex-combatants of the 36th front of the extinct guerrilla called Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - People's Army (FARC-EP), was chosen for the application of this work. From the methodological point of view, the research used a set of qualitative and quantitative tools, such as: matrices, open interviews, focus groups, cartographic analysis. This study allowed us to observe several factors that show vulnerability, such as the presence of threats due to anthropic causes, the propensity of the territory to mass removal events, the identification of unsatisfied basic needs, the lack of planning by local and national governments in the implementation of peace policies. However, the recognition of a resilient population that makes efforts to get ahead is rescued.
Propuesta metológica del plan de acción para implementar la zonificación de susceptibilidad ante la amenaza de inundación a partir de la evaluación del instrumento de ordenamiento territorial en el municipio de Santa Cruz de Lorica
(2021-09-30) Ballesteros Rodríguez, Andrés Felipe; Guerrero, Marcela; Universidad Santo Tomas
Propuesta de zonificación y régimen de usos para el complejo de páramo Las Hermosas, cuenca hidrográfica del Río Tuluá, municipios de Guadalajara de Buga y Tuluá en el departamento del Valle del Cauca
(2021-02-02) Medina Jiménez, Sabrina; Guerrero Rojas, Marcela Bibiana
Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad de los medios de vida de productores de mora de castilla (Rubus glaucus Benth) ante el cambio climático (Estudio de caso: Cuenca del rio Subía sector Monterrico- Vereda Agua Bonita).
(2020-09-16) Castro vargas, Claudia Patricia; Lugo Vargas, Ligia; Garcia Murcia, Yennifer
The IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) states that the global surface temperature will increase by 1.5 ºC. Climate change could affect agriculture in various ways, and almost all are a risk to the food security of the world's most vulnerable people (Alarcón, 2017).This work aims to know how climate change violates the livelihoods of blackberry producers (R. glaucus Benth) in the Monterrico sector located in the Subía River basin (Silvania municipality). Indicators were initially formulated for the development of this research to determine the vulnerability (high, medium and low) of human, social, physical, natural and financial capital; subsequently, official climate change scenarios of differences in precipitation and average temperature were analyzed for the years 2011-2040 vs 1976-2005, 2041-2070 vs 1976-2005 and 2071-2100 vs 1976-2005, the results obtained made it known that a temperature increase is projected to be 0.51 ºC – 0.8; 1.01-1.2 ºC and 1.6-1.8 ºC respectively, as well as precipitation will increase 11-20% in the three scenarios projected for the study area. These increases in climate variables will impact the health of communities, influence the deterioration of social infrastructures, production and state of the roads; and in cultivation is estimated increase of pests and diseases, the reduction of flowering, affecting fruit formation, decrease of photosynthesis due to the constant cloudiness affecting production, which affects the level of investment of agricultural activity by reducing the gains of the subsistence base of the agriculture producers. The impacts of climate change coupled with high vulnerability in livelihoods: human (Sisben and low level of study, advanced age >50 years, little use of family labor); (Low level of organization and relationship with weak institutions) and financial institutions (Zero savings and high indebtedness), as well as moderate vulnerability in physical (vias in regular state) and natural capital (exploitation of natural resources and land-use conflict) would not allow small producers of Monterrico castile blackberry to minimize or face with solvency the adverse effects of climate change , for this reason governance and governance by some of the local governments in articulation with regional governments will be indispensable to increase the resilience of this rural community to climate change, as well as the adaptation measures proposed in this research for each capital aimed at preventing and mitigating those most significant impacts of climate change in order to increase adaptive capacity and become a model of vulnerability characterization to be replicated in other agriculture communities.
Propuesta metodológica para la construcción de la prospectiva y zonificación ambiental en zonas costeras con presencia de minorías étnicas, municipio de Bajo Baudó, departamento del Chocó
(2020-09-04) Obando, Neyver; Palacios, Alexander; Garcia, Yennifer; Uribe, Andrés Mauricio
Prospective and zoning it`s a phase of the territorial planning that translate in decision making about activities to implement in the territory for an effective management, to ensure this efficiency, the active participation of the local community is necessary during its elaboration; based on this premise, a methodological proposal was designed for its construction in coastal areas with the presence of ethnic minorities, in the municipality of Bajo Baudó, department of Chocó, under the jurisdiction of the Regional District of Integrated Management (DRMI) - Mangrove charm of the Bajo Baudó (EMBB), area enabled by black communities that exercises the collective propriety of the earth under a legal figure denominate community council, intern maxim authority. The methodological proposal is of the applied type, given its application is the improvement of participation and the empowerment of the coastal zone management processes, by the ethnic minorities settled there. The construction of this proposal is based on the ecosystem approach and participatory action research (IAP) methodology, making it possible, on the one hand, to have an integral view of the coastal zone and on the other, to conceive black communities “as subjects of rights and development actors ”; it contemplates six phases namely: 1) A preparatory phase in which a review and documentary analysis was developed, 2) Preparation of workshops with the community, 3) Development of workshops, where the aspects to be contemplated in the proposal were discussed and arranged; field trips were also carried out for the validation of biophysical information, 4) the construction of the methodological proposal based on the documentary information and that collected in the community workshops, 5) socialization of the methodological proposal with the community councils and 6) that It consists of the construction of the prospective phase and environmental zoning for the study area. This research is expected to transcend the area of study, because the claim is that it can be applied in any Colombian coastal area with the presence of ethnic minorities, adapting it to particularities and local dynamics.
Impactos de la minería de oro a cielo abierto sobre la estructura, función y el desempeño económico de los sistemas de producción agropecuarios tradicionales de la cuenca del Río Tamaná (Chocó)
(2020-09-03) Caicedo Mosquera, Yuly de Jesús; Castillo De Herrera, Mercedes; http://scienti.colciencias.gov.co:8081/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000581461
Small-scale gold mining is a source of subsistence in many countries (Santos, García, Alonso, & Adams, 2011), as well as a determining factor of the environment (Rocha, Olivero, & Caballero, 2018). The way in which metals are extracted during the application of the mining activity could generate impacts that would end up bringing with them a series of environmental, social and economic imbalances, specifically in the areas near the Tamaná river basin where they are cultivated and / or used. The agricultural systems from which the inhabitants extract their food are established. One of the procedures used to evaluate the impacts that open-pit gold mining can generate on the agricultural systems settled in the Tamaná river is to characterize the mining, determine the importance that agricultural systems represent for their owners by calculating the Importance Coefficient of Species and determine the agro-productive, social and economic effects that mining can generate. This research was developed in the municipality of Nóvita, Chocó, taking into account the agricultural systems settled on the banks of the Tamaná River located in an area no larger than one kilometer, based on the fact that in this area the agricultural and mining systems are the main source of the local economy. The Tamaná river basin has an area of 1,327 km2 and crosses the municipality from East to West (Ministry of Health, 2018). The municipality of Novita is a municipality whose location and wealth in metals has been cataloged, at the departmental level, as one of the most economically interesting for mining exploitation. The problem to be addressed in this research is directly related to the way in which mining activity affects agricultural production systems from the social, economic and ecological spheres to the possible environmental effects that can be generated during mining extraction and after is. Consequently, the objective of this research was to determine the impact of open-pit gold mining on traditional agricultural production systems in the Tamaná river basin, Chocó, based on the need to know the perception of producers about the changes that have been taking place in each of the studied contexts (social, economic, ecological-environmental and directly on the water source) and determine what actions are being carried out to stop or face said affectation. Subsequently, generate key information for future watershed management plans and for the recognition of the importance of agricultural systems as a fundamental basis of the economy, for the sustainability of the ecology and for the conservation of culture and local productive systems.
Análisis de los capitales de las comunidades productoras de papa para su adaptación al cambio climático, estudio de caso: La microcuenca Susali - Cerrito Santander, Colombia
(2020-06-01) López Galvis, Marisol; Villamizar Rojas, Martha Rocio; Lugo Vargas, Ligia; http://scienti.colciencias.gov.co:8081/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000618918
One way to assess the vulnerability of small farmers is to diagnose the capitals that they have to face unexpected changes due to climate change and, in this way, define their possible adaptation capacities; Capitals can be evaluated through the definition of livelihoods which, according to (Urueña, 2017), includes the possibilities, assets (or capitals), including material and social resources and activities with which the community “earns the life ”and in this context, this research analyzes adaptation strategies for climate change. The research was developed taking into account the potato growers of the Susali micro-basin, because in the area, potato cultivation is one of the most important lines of the economy. The micro-basin is located in the municipality of Cerrito - Santander, Colombia. The Cerrito municipality has 86% of its territory within the El Almorzadero moorland complex, this moorland is one of the strategic ecosystems in Colombia (Rincón, 2017). Its importance lies in the production and regulation of water to supply various populations in the departments of Santander and Norte de Santander. The problems to be dealt with in this research are related to the analysis of how vulnerable potato-producing farmers can become, in the face of climatic variability and climate change and the repercussion that it is, can cause in the yield and production of crops, family economy and quality of environmental resources in this strategic area.

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