Estimación de la huella ambiental en dirección a la economía circular como alternativa de conversión de residuos sólidos en un establecimiento del municipio de Bucaramanga

Abstract

The work was carried out with the objective of estimating the environmental footprint as an environmental management strategy in an establishment in the municipality of Bucaramanga. The method used is perfected in 3 phases; in phase 1, it contemplated the choice of the establishment, for this, a methodology was worked from primary information with 4 previously selected criteria, managing to establish the commune, the economic sector and finally, the Thiago Furniture establishment. The solid waste quantification and characterization study was carried out; obtaining results of 2460 kg/month of waste, approximately 84.96% corresponding to the wood component represented mainly by sawdust and shaving waste with 66.2%; The establishment does not have adequate solid waste management. In phase 2, the environmental impact will be extended from the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) tool through the SimaPro 9.0.0.41 software according to the IMPACT 2002+ evaluation method, with a door-to-door scope. The materials and supplies required in the production process of the establishment were evaluated for a month (1540 products), with the result that the textile (stuffing) has a higher degree of environmental influence with 39.05% (2.16 Pt), followed by of wood with 26.76% (1.48 Pt). Additionally, the study of the production lines was carried out, the bed line is the one with the greatest environmental contribution with 32.20% (17.25 mPt). Finally, in phase 3, a strategic plan is formulated consisting of 4 environmental programs that seek to lead the establishment towards the circular economy strategy. The foregoing will allow Thiago Furniture to obtain better productivity, minimize the environmental impacts generated in the processes and reduce costs for raw materials without changing the authenticity of the generated product.