Centro de atención integral para habitantes de calle localizado en la comuna Mutis de Bucaramanga, Santander

Abstract

This project studies the subject of architectural adaptability as a way to achieve more efficient spatial solutions, applied to the design of a homeless care center in Bucaramanga, Santander. Previous research from Ricardo Franco, et. to "Towards a mobile architecture" is a core element in the development of this project. The authors here define architectural adaptability as the ability of a building to accommodate, passively or actively, different types of requirements or functions, in order to respond to internal or external spatial conditions and construction processes. This is based on two fundamental terms: flexibility and transformability (2010). In addition, it relies on the concepts of “Flexibility and Polyvalence” proposed by Agatángelo Soler in its extensive literature review, which focuses on studying the forms of expression as design strategies in different architectural projects. (2015). Thus, this work addresses adaptability as a strategy to address the deficit of efficient public infrastructure that responds to the current situation of Bucaramanga, as a municipality with the highest population rate of homeless in Colombia (MINSALUD, 2018). Taking this into account, the Municipal Administration responds by stipulating agreements with local private institutions, which - given the nature of its activity and its difficulty in obtaining resources - are developed in precarious conditions of spatiality and location. In order to balance between the architectural composition of a center of integral attention for homeless and the principles of architectural adaptability, three architectural references in the American and national context are analyzed and evaluated. This analysis reveals common features and possible mixtures of spaces that constitute a new architectural program expressed in a removable construction system based on the modulation and standardization of its construction elements, to offer different adaptive responses. As a result of the architectural, urban and social analysis of the user population, which includes professionals and beneficiaries, seven ideal location criteria applicable to three properties in the coverage sector are proposed, for quantitative evaluation and final choice. With this, the project is located in the Balconcitos neighborhood, commune 17 Mutis of Bucaramanga, Santander. Consequently, it is possible to obtain the design of a center of integral attention for homeless inhabitants in Bucaramanga, Santander, under the principles of architectural adaptability, of active and passive type, which responds to internal and external conditions of the space, and that makes its relocation possible from a removable construction system.