Caracterización de la Salud Mental de los Estudiantes de Primer Semestre 2023-II de la Universidad Santo Tomas- seccional Tunja caso particular Facultad Arquitectura e Ingenierías

Abstract

The mental health of university students is an issue of great importance, highlighting the problems of anxiety and stress. The objective of this research was to characterize the general health of first semester 2023-II students of the Santo Tomás University - Tunja, as well as to determine the prevalence of somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and depression. The research approach was qualitative, with a descriptive-correlational design, cross sectional, 119 students of the Faculty of Architecture and Engineering of the first academic semester participated. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) divided into 4 subscales was used, with reliability (r = 0.90) and validity between 0.83 and 0.85. Results, high scores were evidenced in the dimensions somatic symptoms, social dysfunction and depression of unlikely cases, however, in the dimensions anxiety and insomnia, likely cases were observed. It was also found that students, in terms of mental health, that the attention cases presenting some alteration were found in a percentage of 56.3% in males and the remaining percentage 43.7% in females. From the correlations established with Spearman's coefficient, it was possible to determine that in the last 2 weeks the students had feelings such as that their state of health and full fitness was worse or much worse than usual, that everything was coming at them, they could also state that they felt nervous and on the verge of exploding, they may have thought about the possibility of "getting out of the way", they may have had the same recurring feeling of sometimes not being able to do anything because their nerves are out of whack, and that they have lived life completely without hope, having the feeling that life is not worth living. Conclusions, it was found that the faculties that refer greater intervention in terms of the results obtained in the test are those of Industrial Engineering and Architecture, therefore some pedagogical strategies are 9 proposed based on the results obtained, such as a) Abdominal Breathing, b) Muscle Relaxation, c) Mindfulness and d) Music as Therapy, so that these can be applied in a future research to evaluate their impact on the public.