Aptitud Física y su Correlación con Algunos Factores de Riesgo Cardiovascular, en Escolares con Discapacidad Intelectual del Colegio Las Américas I.E.D

Abstract

The main objectives of this study are to characterize the components of Physical Fitness related to health, Body Composition, Strength and Muscular Resistance, Flexibility and Respiratory Cardio Resistance and to establish the existing correlation between this condition and the variable body composition as a cardiovascular risk factor, in a group of school children between 10 and 16 years of age, 17 women and 32 men, 22 with mild Intellectual Disability, 20 with Moderate Intellectual Disability and 7 with Down Syndrome, belonging to the modality of educational attention Specialized Support Classrooms of the Las Americas District Educational Institution. To determine the condition of physical fitness, the Brockport battery was used for the evaluation of physical fitness designed in 1999 and updated in 2014, by which it offers a series of tests and modified standards for the population in a condition of intellectual disability. As a result of the tests, it was established that there is an acceptable physical fitness condition in a large number of the study participants, according to the minimum standards established by the battery for this population; however, participants were found below the minimum standard, which raises a very low condition of physical fitness in these cases, the greater number of cases recorded with low condition was given respectively in the components of Strength and Muscular Resistance in Upper Members, Flexibility in Lower Members and Prehensile Strength both Right and Left. The most significant differences in the behavior of the data by diagnosis were evidenced between Moderate Intellectual Disability and Down Syndrome with a lower value for the variables of Size, Right and Left Prehensile Force, VO2max and Strength and Resistance in Upper Members for Down Syndrome; the most significant differences by sex were in the variables of percentage of fat with a higher mean in women, and greater right and left prehensile strength, VO2max and Strength and Resistance in Upper Members in men. In the correlation between the components of physical fitness with the cardiovascular risk factor adiposity, the high values of fat percentage recorded in the women participating in the study and the low values of prehensile strength in a high percentage of study participants are early indicators. of cardiovascular risk segment of the sample, since there is a significant inverse correlation between these two variables.