Arquitectura del sueño en pacientes diagnosticados con apnea obstructiva del sueño y tratados con un dispositivo de avance mandibular

Abstract

Introduction. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a chronic disease characterized by repetitive obstruction of the upper airway during sleep, presenting with complete (apnea) or partial (hypoapnea) cessation of airflow. Objective. To evaluate the sleep architecture in patients diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea, treated with a mandibular advancement device who attend the Instituto Neumológico del Oriente during 2022. Method. Case series study where 5 participants diagnosed with OSA were included, to whom an instrument was applied where the values of sleep architecture obtained by polysomnography were recorded and they underwent surgery with the Mandibular Advancement Device (MAD) for 30 days. A descriptive data analysis was performed for each case using absolute and relative frequencies, as well as means accompanied by standard deviation. Results. 100% (n=5) of the participants were male and were >30 years old. In relation to the severity of the cases, 3/5 corresponded to moderate and no case corresponded to mild. With respect to the baseline, the patients showed a change in sleep architecture after undergoing an intervention with MAD, 3/5 patients were diagnosed with moderate OSA and 1/5 mild. Conclusion. The patients achieved an improvement in terms of the apnea index, and the majority managed to improve parameters related to sleep quality such as sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and the micro-alerting index.