Evaluación de fijación de nitrógeno de 3 especies de leguminosas inoculadas con un biofertilizante a base de microorganismos producido en la finca Virayá, municipio de Vista Hermosa, Meta

Abstract

In the Colombian Orinoquia the geographical and climatic particularities together with the physic-chemical conditions of the soil are notoriously conditioning the management of these, due to their characteristics of low natural chemical fertility, its high acidity, the low microbiological activity derived from the clay type, its little organic material present and the low content of alterable minerals that together with the inadequate use of nitrogenous fertilizers conditions even more the availability of said nutrient hindering the development of crops and therefore forcing to extend the agricultural frontier in search of new fertile lands. Therefore, the techniques established for the biological fixation of nitrogen allow to increase the nutritional contribution of the soil destined for both natural and introduced vegetation while counteracting the environmental effects generated by the use of fertilizers nitrogenous chemicals. The present research proposed the evaluation of a biofertilizer produced in farm Virayá municipality of Vista Hermosa, Meta measured by the nitrogen fixation capacity of three species of legumes. For this purpose, laboratory tests of morphological characterization, catalase, oxidase and Gram stain were carried out for the identification and isolation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria together with the development of an experimental design of random blocks, allowing to compare the formation and coloration of nodules, as indicative of the symbiotic relationship between nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and legume roots. Demonstrating the high adaptability and development of the leguminous species Mucuna pruriens, as well as the influence that indicates the application in its maximum concentration of biofertilizer on nodular development