Comparación de los modelos Iber y Qual2K para la simulación de la calidad del agua en un tramo de la cuenca del río Ocoa, Villavicencio-Meta, como herramienta para la gestión del recurso hídrico

Abstract

Currently, in the Meta Region, there is no management of hydrological models for the comprehensive management of water resources such as the study of water quality in terms of the behavior of the physical, chemical, and biological parameters of a river. The present study focuses on the use and analysis of the simulation of the Iber and Qual2k models using their variables, implementation mode, and sampling points of primary information collected in the field and taken to the laboratory of the Universidad Santo Tomás and data of water quality of the regional environmental corporation (CAR). The evaluation of the two hydrological models is that they fulfill the function of modeling the Ocoa river in the city of Villavicencio. First, it was studied the parametrization of the two models, which should have similarities to achieve the comparison of the results of each one, with the supplied data that is collected from primary and secondary information. Secondly, the modeling and simulation process was validated in each model, taking into account the level of difficulty and the scope in the development to obtain results. Subsequently, models were calibrated by comparing the information collected with modeled parameters, and with this, validation was accompanied by a sensitivity analysis. Finally, the comparative analysis was realized to conclude which of the two models is viable and reliable to predict the state of water quality of a river, which in this case is the Ocoa River. As result, the simulation of the Ocoa River was obtained from the two models, highlighting Qual2k as a proposal for use in the environmental entity as water resource management since it does not require detailed geospatial data, which facilitates its management and development. In the simulation, the Qual2k model had proximity in temperature of 98%, DO of 88%, BOD of 88%, and CFU of 90% and in the Iber model the proximity in temperature was 94%, DO of 94% by above, BOD 94% and in CFU there were not representative data.