Nuevos sensores fluorescentes basados en triazina-aminoácidos para la detección de metales pesados en solución

Abstract

At present, heavy metal contamination is a major environmental problem that causes serious damage to the environment, both biotic and abiotic. It is one of the great barriers to overcome to achieve a sustainable industrial development in the medium and long term, since these materials are used in underdeveloped countries without major restrictions for the manufacture of parts, chemical compounds, defense weapons, among other diverse uses. This generates health problems such as respiratory diseases, congenital diseases due to continuous exposure, among others. It is for these reasons that agencies for the protection and conservation of the environment carry out continuous monitoring and determine regulations for the use and disposal of these substances. However, monitoring methods for heavy metals are time-consuming and some have limitations in sampling techniques and subsequent analysis, which is why there is a great demand to develop faster, simpler, more reliable methods that allow in situ analysis of the sample for the detection of heavy metals. The specific property for which 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (cyanuric chloride) is used is the capacity to undergo an aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction (SNAr) under controlled temperature conditions and the addition of the ligands has a specific order. This project involves the preparation of triazine analogues molecular sensors with amino acids as ligands (valine, glycine, phenylalanine) in order to achieve the detection of heavy metals in aqueous solutions through changes in the absorption-emission process of the complex formed and the observation of fluorescence or colorimetric changes in the samples.