Distribución espacial de las concentraciones de pm2.5 y su relación con la mortalidad cardiopulmonar en Bogotá, Colombia

Abstract

The present study aims to establish the risk zones for cardiopulmonary mortality derived from exposure to PM2.5 in Bogotá for the period 2014-2015. For this purpose, the hourly data of PM10 and PM2.5 of the Quality Monitoring Network Air of Bogotá (RMCAB), the PM2.5/PM10 ratio was used to complete the missing data, dispersion maps were then generated using geospatial software, four slots were also established (12:00 am - 6:00 am; 6:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. 12:00 p.m. - 6:00 p.m., 6:00 p.m. - 12:00 p.m.) for a better analysis of the behavior of contaminants. To obtain risk maps for cardiopulmonary mortality from exposure to PM2.5, guideline values recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) were used, changing the concentration values obtained by the values established in the intermediate objectives (OI) of the WHO air quality guide (GCA) for the daily and annual averages of PM2.5. The obtained results showed that the locality of Kennedy presented a greater risk by cardiopulmonary mortality; recording an average of 25 μg/m3 in the time band of 6:00 a.m. at 12:00 p.m. Compared with WHO guideline values relative to the annual average, it is located in the OI-2, the level of which these levels increase the risk of mortality by 9% compared to the OI-1 level. The highest risk was observed when comparing the value (25 μg/m3 ) with the main daily, since this average is above the GCA value, which establishes that the increase value in 1.2% of short-term mortality.