Relación entre la Apertura Económica y la Desigualdad de Ingresos en los Países entre los Años 2012 y 2020

Abstract

In recent years, thanks to the boom in international trade, the generation of wealth has increased. However, the latter does not seem to have been spread equally across all segments of the population. This paper presents econometric evidence of the relationship of the level of international trade with intra-country income inequality for 150 countries on five continents over the period 2012-2020. The proposed models are of the fixed and random effects panel type controlled by continent. Among the main results are that each of the regions show different effects between the level of international trade and intra-country income inequality. For the year 2020, the effects of Covid-19 on inequality are not decisive, since there is still not enough public data to measure the effect of the pandemic quantitatively, even so it can be concluded, from secondary sources, that there was an increase in income inequality in the countries because of the confinement.