Análisis multitemporal de la cobertura vegetal del municipio de Samacá, generado por actividades socieconómicas

Abstract

Throughout the municipality of Samacá there are different economic activities such as the exploitation of coal; In some of the areas there are illegal mining jobs or non-formal jobs without environmental regulations, generating negative impacts which are the causes of deterioration towards natural resources, where the most affected is the soil resource. The changes in vegetation cover have become a topic of great importance since they have made it possible to assess environmental degradation, this due to different socioeconomic activities, such as agro-industrial and mining production. For this process it is necessary to do a multitemporal analysis by means of Landsat multispectral satellite images that help to provide analysis in related activities such as agriculture and changes in the Earth's crust. The general objective of this project is to carry out a multi-time analysis in the municipality of Samacá, where changes in vegetation cover were established. All of the above for the years 1998, 2001, 2007, 2010,2016 and 2020; through the Corine Land Cover methodology, identifying the percentages of variation in coverage, where it was possible to identify that the transitory crops had a notable increase over the years and in the same way the pastures this due to the agricultural increase in the area ; As for the areas with herbaceous vegetation, there was a decrease over the years, this due to the expansion of the agricultural frontier and the creation of mining extraction areas generating significant degradation to the paramo, since herbaceous vegetation is native to said sector; all this to be able to generate the prediction for the year 2034; For this, the validation of the model was taken into account, which was carried out with the year 2016 and 2020, resulting in a good and very good concordance force respectively, which indicates that the generation of such projections is viable, since they will serve as a planning tool within the municipality. In the same way, the relationship of the vegetation cover and the water quality was known taking into account parameters taken in 2020 within the municipality.