Características morfológicas y neuromusculares de regatistas colombianos de élite especializados en la navegación en veleros Sunfish: un estudio piloto

Hormiga López, Samuel Eduardo

Características morfológicas y neuromusculares de regatistas colombianos de élite especializados en la navegación en veleros Sunfish: un estudio piloto

dc.contributor.advisor	De la Rosa Gonzales, Adrián Marcel
dc.contributor.author	Hormiga López, Samuel Eduardo
dc.contributor.corporatename	Universidad Santo Tomás
dc.date.accessioned	2026-03-16T16:12:07Z
dc.date.available	2026-03-16T16:12:07Z
dc.date.issued	2026-03-13
dc.description	La navegación en la clase Sunfish requiere una combinación de características morfológicas y neuromusculares para gestionar eficazmente el control de la vela y mantener la estabilidad postural durante las maniobras de hiking. Objetivos: Este estudio piloto tuvo como objetivo explorar las características antropométricas y neuromusculares de regatistas colombianos de élite de la clase Sunfish, así como identificar posibles patrones relacionados con el sexo. Métodos: Seis regatistas competitivos (tres hombres y tres mujeres) se sometieron a una evaluación antropométrica y al cálculo del somatotipo. El rendimiento neuromuscular se evaluó mediante la fuerza de prensión manual (HGS), la contracción isométrica voluntaria máxima del cuádriceps, la tasa de desarrollo de la fuerza (RFD), la evaluación de una repetición máxima (1RM) del tren inferior, el salto con contra movimiento (CMJ), pruebas de resistencia del tronco y la prueba de equilibrio dinámico mediante el Y-Balance Test. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas y tamaños del efecto estandarizados (g de Hedges) para identificar diferencias exploratorias entre sexos. Resultados: La evaluación antropométrica indicó diferencias relacionadas con el sexo en la composición corporal y en las dimensiones esqueléticas, con predominio de características mesomórficas. Las diferencias descriptivas sugirieron valores más altos de HGS en los hombres (g = 2.27–4.85), mientras que el rendimiento neuromuscular del tren inferior mostró tamaños del efecto moderados a grandes en varias ventanas temporales de RFD (g = 0.81–1.45). En contraste, los resultados de equilibrio dinámico y resistencia del tronco mostraron diferencias pequeñas o triviales entre sexos. Conclusiones: Este estudio piloto proporciona un perfil físico preliminar de los regatistas colombianos de élite de la clase Sunfish. La fuerza de prensión, la producción rápida de fuerza y la resistencia del tronco pueden representar capacidades relevantes para afrontar las demandas físicas de la navegación en Sunfish. Se requieren investigaciones adicionales con muestras más amplias para confirmar estas observaciones exploratorias.
dc.description.abstract	Sunfish sailing requires a combination of morphological and neuromuscular characteristics to effectively manage sail control and maintain postural stability during hiking maneuvers. Objectives: This pilot study aimed to explore the anthropometric and neuromuscular characteristics of elite Colombian Sunfish sailors and to identify potential sex-related patterns. Methods: Six competitive sailors (three men and three women) underwent anthropometric assessment and somatotype calculation. Neuromuscular performance was evaluated using handgrip strength (HGS), quadriceps maximal voluntary isometric contraction, rate of force development (RFD), one-repetition maximum (1RM) lower-limb assessment, countermovement jump (CMJ), trunk endurance tests, and dynamic balance test using the Y-balance test. Descriptive statistics and standardized effect sizes (Hedges’ g) were used to identify exploratory differences between sexes. Results: Anthropometric assessment indicated sex-related differences in body composition and skeletal dimensions, with a predominance of mesomorphic characteristics. Descriptive differences suggested higher HGS values in men (g = 2.27–4.85), while lower-limb neuro-muscular performance showed moderate-to-large effect sizes across several RFD time windows (g = 0.81–1.45). In contrast, dynamic balance and trunk endurance outcomes showed small to trivial differences between sexes. Conclusions: This pilot study provides a preliminary physical profile of elite Colombian Sunfish sailors. Grip strength, rapid force production, and trunk endurance may represent relevant capacities for managing the physical demands of Sunfish sailing. Further research with larger cohorts is required to confirm these exploratory observations.
dc.description.degreelevel	Maestría	spa
dc.description.degreename	Magíster en Ciencias del Deporte	spa
dc.description.domain	https://www.ustabuca.edu.co/
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf
dc.identifier.citation	Hormiga López. S. e. (2026) Características morfológicas y neuromusculares de regatistas colombianos de élite especializados en la navegación en veleros Sunfish: un estudio piloto ¨¨Características morfológicas y neuromusculares de regatistas colombianos de élite especializados en la navegación en veleros Sunfish: un estudio piloto. Tesis de posgrado. Universidad Santo Tomás, bucaramanga, Colombia
dc.identifier.instname	instname:Universidad Santo Tomás	spa
dc.identifier.reponame	eponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Santo Tomás	spa
dc.identifier.repourl	repourl:https://repository.usta.edu.co	spa
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/11634/71874
dc.language.iso	spa
dc.publisher	Universidad Santo Tomás	spa
dc.publisher.branch	CRAI-USTA Bucaramanga
dc.publisher.faculty	Facultad de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación	spa
dc.publisher.program	Maestría en Ciencias del Deporte	spa
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dc.rights	Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 Colombia	en
dc.rights.accessrights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess	spa
dc.rights.coar	http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb
dc.rights.local	Abierto (Texto Completo)	spa
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
dc.subject.keyword	dinghy sailing
dc.subject.keyword	somatotype
dc.subject.keyword	rate of torque development
dc.subject.keyword	anthropometry
dc.subject.keyword	trunk endurance
dc.subject.lemb	Análisis de información
dc.subject.lemb	Deportistas profesionales
dc.subject.lemb	Regatistas
dc.subject.proposal	vela ligera
dc.subject.proposal	somatotipo
dc.subject.proposal	tasa de desarrollo del torque
dc.subject.proposal	resistencia del tronco
dc.subject.proposal	antropometría
dc.title	Características morfológicas y neuromusculares de regatistas colombianos de élite especializados en la navegación en veleros Sunfish: un estudio piloto
dc.type	master thesis
dc.type.category	Formación de Recurso Humano para la Ctel: Trabajo de grado de Maestría
dc.type.coar	http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversion	http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa	spa
dc.type.drive	info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis	spa
dc.type.local	Tesis de maestría	spa
dc.type.version	info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion	spa