Maestría Ciencias del Deporte

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11634/71499

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Aplicación del código de Clasificación del Comité Paralímpico Internacional en las Federaciones Deportivas de Colombia
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-07-07) Troncoso Rodriguez, Martiza Julieth; Huertas Amado, Pablo Ernesto; Cortés Rodríguez, Hernán Darío; Sanchéz González, Jonathan Daybes; Esquivel Pomar, Juan David; Rangel Caballero, Luis Gabriel; Universidad Santo Tomás
Sports classification is a fundamental component of the Paralympic sports system, as it ensures fair competitive conditions among athletes with disabilities. The aim of this study was to analyze the current implementation of sports classification processes within the National Sports Federations of the Colombian Paralympic system, in order to identify strengths, limitations, and needs for strengthening the national classification system. A descriptive study with a quantitative approach was conducted through the application of a questionnaire directed to representatives of the national sports federations affiliated with the Colombian Paralympic system. The instrument collected information related to the existence of classification commissions, the number of available classifiers, participation in training processes, the application of the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) Classification Code, and the availability of technical resources for the development of classification processes. The results show that several federations have organizational structures dedicated to sports classification and have national classifiers involved in their sports processes. However, limitations were identified regarding international training opportunities for classifiers, the availability of technical resources, and the territorial distribution of specialized human resources. In conclusion, although progress has been observed in the implementation of the sports classification system within Colombian Paralympic sport, challenges remain regarding the training, certification, and expansion of the number of classifiers. Therefore, it is necessary to project guidelines to establish a clear, structured, and standardized course of action for sports classification processes in the Paralympic sector at the national level.
Perfil neuromuscular en el fútbol femenino colombiano: Análisis cruzado mediante Drop Jump y Single Leg Hamstring 30/30
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-05-23) Cesar Alberto Rodriguez Rodriguez; Rincón Peña, Jennifer; Universidad Santo Tomás
Modern women's soccer demands constant explosive actions, yet it exposes athletes to severe joint injuries when muscular control fails. This study evaluated the relationship between propulsive power and the hamstring's ability to stabilize that impulse in U-20 female soccer players. To achieve this, we contrasted the squad's performance in a bilateral jumping task (Drop Jump) against a strength test that isolates each limb (Single Leg Hamstring 30/30). The statistical analysis revealed a striking paradox. On one hand, the players demonstrated excellent take-off power with no apparent risk of asymmetry. However, when evaluating the musculature separately, the scenario collapsed: one hundred percent of the sample recorded reaction times that were too slow for the sport's demands, and over 76% presented severe imbalances between their legs. The testing confirmed that there is absolutely no relationship between the ability to jump high and the ability to stabilize the knee. This indicates that the athletes operate with a risky functional disconnection, an imbalance that masks their true vulnerability and justifies the team's extensive history of previous injuries (92%). It is clear that traditional jump-based assessments are not enough to protect female athletes. Physical programs require an urgent shift in focus, prioritizing the speed at which the muscle reacts to absorb impacts before the damage falls on the ligaments.
Capacidad aeróbica, comportamiento sedentario y rendimiento académico en futbolistas categoría juvenil. Bucaramanga
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-18) Melendez Luna, Sergio Alexander; Garzón Sánchez, Tatiana; Carvajal Delgado, Daniela Fernanda; Murillo López, Alba Liliana; Universidad Santo Tomás
Findings in scientific literature suggest that greater aerobic capacity is associated with better academic performance, while sedentary behavior has a negative impact. These results highlight the importance of promoting active habits to optimize both physical health and academic performance. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between aerobic capacity, sedentary behavior, and academic performance in soccer players from the Independiente Floridablanca soccer school in Bucaramanga, using a quantitative methodology with a correlational and cross-sectional design to identify the relationship between the aforementioned variables at a specific point in time. Sampling will be non-probabilistic and based on convenience, considering only those athletes who meet the inclusion criteria. A total sample of 147 participants will be included, and the following tests will be administered to those selected: the Course Navette Test, the adapted SBQ-C (Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire for Children), and their school grade records.
Consumo perjudicial de alcohol, tabaquismo y uso problemático del teléfono celular en deportistas universitarios colombianos
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-18) Pardo Barreto, Felix David; Salcedo Ramos, Yehison Javier; Rangel Caballero, Luis Gabriel; Universidad Santo Tomás
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of harmful alcohol consumption, tobacco use, and problematic mobile phone use among Colombian university athletes. Methods: An observational analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. Convenience sampling was used among adult university athletes registered in a national university sports event (October 18–31, 2025). The sample included 370 participants. Data were collected through a digital survey. Alcohol and tobacco were assessed using items from the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS instrument, and problematic phone use was assessed with the Spanish-adapted Smartphone Addiction Scale–Short Version (SAS-SV). Prevalences were calculated and proportions were compared by sex (p<0.05). Results: Lifetime alcohol use prevalence was 97.03%, and alcohol use in the last 30 days was 49.73%. Heavy episodic drinking was reported by 25.68% of participants. Current regular tobacco use was 2.97%, while lifetime tobacco use reached 12.97% (p<0.0001). Regarding mobile phone use, 77.56% were classified as at risk or at excessive risk for problematic use. No statistically significant sex differences were observed for the main outcomes. Conclusions: Among university athletes, heavy episodic drinking and problematic mobile phone use showed relevant prevalences, whereas current regular tobacco use was low. Strengthening health promotion and prevention strategies through University Student Welfare services is recommended to reduce these harmful behaviors.
Efecto de un programa de entrenamiento basado en la metodología de la periodización táctica sobre el rendimiento técnico del pase en futbolistas adolescentes
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-17) Alarcón Quigua, Fausto; Cruz Moreno, Brayan Antonio; Rangel Caballero, Luis Gabriel; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/EnRecursoHumano/inicio.do; https://orcid.org/my-orcid?orcid=0000-0003-1487-5441
This study examined the effect of an eight-week training programme grounded in tactical periodisation on adolescents’ soccer passing performance, assessed through the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT). A quasi-experimental pre–post design was conducted with a convenience sample of 25 academy players (15–18 years) from Pan de Azúcar. Following a one-week LSPT familiarisation phase, participants completed a pre-intervention assessment and then undertook an eight-week tactical periodisation programme (three sessions per week) organised around a standard morphocycle and a transversal emphasis on passing technique. Outcomes included execution time, total penalty time, execution time plus penalties (primary outcome), bonus time, and overall test time. Data were analysed using paired-samples t tests and Cohen’s d effect sizes (p < 0.05). Post-intervention results showed significant improvements in execution time (p = 0.014; d = 0.72), total penalty time (p = 0.005; d = 0.61), execution time plus penalties (p = 0.001; d = 0.72), and overall test time (p = 0.011; d = 0.74). Bonus time also increased significantly (p = 0.004; d = −0.63), indicating more high-precision hits during the test. In conclusion, the tactical periodisation programme was associated with moderate improvements in passing efficiency and accuracy under standardised LSPT conditions, particularly through reduced penalty-related cost and enhanced bonus time performance.
Condición física y estilo de vida en los integrantes de la selección masculina de Santander de fútbol para ciegos
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-16) Patiño Suárez, Pedro José; Rangel Caballero, Luis Gabriel; Rangel Caballero, Luis Gabriel; Universidad Santo Tomás
The Introduction states that the practice of blind football requires research processes that allow a better understanding of the factors influencing the sports performance of individuals with visual impairment. In this context, it is essential to analyze variables related to lifestyle, physical fitness, and anthropometric characteristics, given their influence on sports performance and the promotion of healthy habits. In this regard, the Objective of the present study was to analyze the lifestyle and the components of physical fitness among members of the Santander Men’s Blind Football Team. The Methodology consisted of a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted with eight players from the Santander Men’s Blind Football Team. An anthropometric assessment was performed (weight, height, body mass index, and body fat percentage), along with a battery of physical fitness tests including the 20 m Shuttle Run Test, push-up, sit-up, standing long jump, flexibility, and 20 m sprint. Additionally, a survey based on the WHO STEPwise approach to NCD risk factor surveillance (STEPS) was applied, together with a sociodemographic questionnaire to evaluate healthy lifestyle habits. Finally, it was concluded that the results reveal a physically active profile, with strengths in upper-body and abdominal muscular endurance, as well as in running speed. However, improvements are needed in fruit consumption habits, suggesting the need to implement comprehensive strategies to strengthen physical fitness and promote healthy lifestyles.
Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento pliométrico de 8 semanas sobre la potencia y fuerza muscular isométrica de miembros inferiores en futbolistas de categorías base
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-16) Moreno Pico, Juan José; Vesga Pabón, Oscar David; Almeida Gutiérrez, Marlon Fabián; García González, Daniel Efrén; Universidad Santo Tomás
Plyometrics is a training method based on utilizing the muscle stretch-shortening cycle, widely used for developing explosive strength and power in sports. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of an eight-week plyometric training program on power and isometric muscle strength of the lower limbs in youth soccer players from the Óscar Vesga Club in Bucaramanga. Methodology: A quantitative, experimental study was conducted with 25 male soccer players from the U-12 and U-13 categories of the Óscar Vesga Club in Bucaramanga. The sample was selected by convenience sampling and subsequently randomized and assigned to an experimental group (n = 13) and a control group (n = 12). Both groups were evaluated before and after the intervention using vertical jump tests (countermovement jump and squat jump) for power, and isometric strength tests of the quadriceps and hamstrings. The plyometric training program focused on developing explosive lower limb strength over 8 weeks (L: 8 Weeks, D: 30-45 minutes per session, F: 2/7, I: 60-75% of HRmax, V: 1/2/8/10 minutes, M: III, and Den: 1:1). Data analysis included descriptive statistics and Student's t-tests for intragroup and intergroup comparisons, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: In the experimental group, a significant increase was observed in CMJ power (W) (559.98 ± 93.80 vs. 576.65 ± 79.14; p = 0.017) and in right quadriceps isometric strength (4566.10 ± 962.91 N vs. 4989.94 ± 1062.32 N; p = 0.003). The other jump variables (SJ and CMJ height) and isometric strength did not show statistically significant changes (p > 0.05). In the control group, no improvements were observed in the jump tests (p > 0.05) and a significant decrease was recorded in the strength of the left quadriceps (4775.26 ± 1157.24 vs. 4315.20 ± 1060.07; p = 0.010) and right quadriceps (4971.20 ± 1485.56 vs. 4326.55 ± 1083.41; p = 0.013). Conclusions: 8 weeks of plyometric training generate positive effects on power and isometric muscle strength of lower limbs in youth soccer players.
Capacidad aeróbica, comportamiento sedentario y rendimiento académico en futbolistas categoría juvenil. Bucaramanga
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-13) Carvajal Delgado, Daniela Fernanda; Garzón Sánchez, Tatiana; Meléndez Luna, Sergio Alexander; Murillo López, Alba Liliana; Universidad Santo Tomás
Findings in scientific literature suggest that greater aerobic capacity is associated with better academic performance, while sedentary behavior has a negative impact. These results highlight the importance of promoting active habits to optimize both physical health and academic performance. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between aerobic capacity, sedentary behavior, and academic performance in soccer players from the Independiente Floridablanca soccer school in Bucaramanga, using a quantitative methodology with a correlational and cross-sectional design to identify the relationship between the aforementioned variables at a specific point in time. Sampling will be non-probabilistic and based on convenience, considering only those athletes who meet the inclusion criteria. A total sample of 147 participants will be included, and the following tests will be administered to those selected: the Course Navette Test, the adapted SBQ-C (Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire for Children), and their school grade records.
Análisis correlacional entre fuerza prensil y disciplina deportiva, bajo parámetros sociodemográficos, antropométricos y características del deporte en mujeres paratletas de Bucaramanga y el área metropolitana en el 2025
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-16) Jaramillo García, Francisco Armando; García González, Daniel Efrén; Palencia Flórez, Diana Cristina; Universidad Santo Tomas
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between handgrip strength and sport discipline, considering sociodemographic variables, anthropometric characteristics, and sport-related factors in female para-athletes from Bucaramanga and its metropolitan area in 2025. A descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical scope was conducted, involving female athletes from different para-sport disciplines, including para-swimming, para-powerlifting, para-cycling, and para-athletics. Handgrip strength was assessed using manual dynamometry, while the anthropometric variables considered included body mass index, forearm length, and palm width. Additionally, information related to sociodemographic characteristics and training variables was collected. For the statistical analysis, descriptive and inferential procedures were carried out, calculating measures of central tendency, dispersion, and absolute and relative frequencies. The results showed no statistically significant relationships between handgrip strength and the sport disciplines analyzed. Overall, handgrip strength values were lower than those reported in studies conducted in conventional female populations, which may be associated with the functional characteristics of the Paralympic population. It is concluded that handgrip strength in female para-athletes does not appear to differ significantly according to sport discipline in the studied sample, highlighting the influence of other individual and structural factors. These findings contribute to expanding the available knowledge on grip strength in Paralympic athletes and emphasize the need for further research on this physical capacity in sports populations with disabilities.
Características morfológicas y neuromusculares de regatistas colombianos de élite especializados en la navegación en veleros Sunfish: un estudio piloto
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-13) Hormiga López, Samuel Eduardo; De la Rosa Gonzales, Adrián Marcel; Universidad Santo Tomás
Sunfish sailing requires a combination of morphological and neuromuscular characteristics to effectively manage sail control and maintain postural stability during hiking maneuvers. Objectives: This pilot study aimed to explore the anthropometric and neuromuscular characteristics of elite Colombian Sunfish sailors and to identify potential sex-related patterns. Methods: Six competitive sailors (three men and three women) underwent anthropometric assessment and somatotype calculation. Neuromuscular performance was evaluated using handgrip strength (HGS), quadriceps maximal voluntary isometric contraction, rate of force development (RFD), one-repetition maximum (1RM) lower-limb assessment, countermovement jump (CMJ), trunk endurance tests, and dynamic balance test using the Y-balance test. Descriptive statistics and standardized effect sizes (Hedges’ g) were used to identify exploratory differences between sexes. Results: Anthropometric assessment indicated sex-related differences in body composition and skeletal dimensions, with a predominance of mesomorphic characteristics. Descriptive differences suggested higher HGS values in men (g = 2.27–4.85), while lower-limb neuro-muscular performance showed moderate-to-large effect sizes across several RFD time windows (g = 0.81–1.45). In contrast, dynamic balance and trunk endurance outcomes showed small to trivial differences between sexes. Conclusions: This pilot study provides a preliminary physical profile of elite Colombian Sunfish sailors. Grip strength, rapid force production, and trunk endurance may represent relevant capacities for managing the physical demands of Sunfish sailing. Further research with larger cohorts is required to confirm these exploratory observations.
Más allá del disco: diferencias posicionales en las características morfológicas y físicas entre jugadores de ultimate frisbee
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-13) Hernández Flórez, Cristian Javier ; De la Rosa Gonzales, Adrián Marcel; Universidad Santo Tomás
Ultimate Frisbee (UF) is an intermittent team sport with distinct positional roles (cutters and handlers), yet evidence integrating anthropometric, body composition, and physical performance profiles by playing position remains limited. This study aimed to examine positional differences in these variables among male UF players. Methods: Forty male players (age: 25.13 ± 3.76 years; 7.0 ± 2.5 years of training experience) participated in this cross-sectional design, including 20 cutters and 20 handlers. Anthropometry, body composition, somatotype, and physical performance were evaluated, and positional differences were analyzed using independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and MANOVA, with effect sizes reported. Results: No positional differences were observed in general anthropometric (p > .05). However, handlers exhibited higher body fat percentage (14.32 ± 2.37 vs. 11.95 ± 2.45; p = 0.028), fat mass (11.08 ± 2.51 vs. 8.95 ± 2.67 kg; p = 0.049), and endomorphy (4.15 ± 1.22 vs. 2.99 ± 1.30; p = 0.002) than cutters. In contrast, cutters demonstrated higher speed (20-m sprint: 3.11 ± 0.17 vs. 3.21 ± 0.15 s; p < .05), agility (10.16 ± 0.69 vs. 10.69 ± 0.61 s; p < .05), and vertical jump performance (Counter Movement Jump: 40.93 ± 6.54 vs. 36.38 ± 4.71 cm; p < .05; Abalakov: 46.39 ± 7.88 vs. 40.20 ± 4.68 cm; p < .01). No differences were found in intermittent endurance (Yo-Yo IR1: 982 ± 354 vs. 940 ± 348 m), upperlimb power, or dynamic balance. Conclusions: These findings indicate that playing position in UF is characterized by distinct body composition and lower-limb neuromuscular performance profiles, whereas intermittent endurance, upper-limb power, and balance represent shared physical requirements across positions.
Protocolo de intervención psicológica en deportistas del Instituto para el fomento del deporte, la recreación y el aprovechamiento del tiempo libre y la educación física de Barrancabermeja (INDERBA)
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-05) Torrado Arenas, Juan Sebastián; Quiñones Paredes, David Julian; Universidad Santo Tomas
Abstract Problem: In the municipal sport context, the lack of standardized guidelines for psychological assessment, intervention, and follow-up limits athletes’ holistic development and well-being. Objective: To design a psychological intervention protocol for INDERBA athletes, grounded in scientific evidence and adapted to the local context. Method: A mixed-methods approach was used, integrating quantitative assessment through the Psychological Inventory of Sport Performance (IPED) and qualitative assessment through a Structured Psychosocial Interview and a Semi-Structured Interview on Key Competitive Moments, applied to athletes of different ages and sport modalities. Results: Findings revealed recurrent needs related to pre-competitive anxiety, attentional difficulties, limited mental routines, family pressure, and emotional regulation issues. Based on these results, a structured protocol for assessment, intervention, and psychological follow-up was developed. Discussion: The protocol aligns with contemporary sport psychology models such as Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) and Psychological Skills Training (PST), promoting an integral, preventive, and formative approach that enhances both performance and athlete well-being. Keywords: protocol, sport psychology, psychological intervention, talent development, athlete well-being
Efectos del ejercicio isométrico sobre la salud cardiovascular y metabólica en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria: una revisión sistemática
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-02-09) Ariza Viviescas, Andres Mauricio; Sanchez Delgado, Juan Carlos; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001678616; https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ySkJ2n8AAAAJ&hl=es; https://orcid.org/my-orcid?orcid=0000-0002-3157-9575
Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Isometric exercise (IE) has gained interest due to its versatility and effects on general health across different age groups. However, thisintervention modality still requires further research when applied to patients with CAD. Objective: To evaluate the acute and chronic effects of IE on cardiovascular and metabolic health in patients with CAD through a systematic review. Methodology: This review identified randomized controlled clinical trials published up to June 2024 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. The databases consulted were Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase. Two independent researchers conducted the search, selection, and extraction of clinical trials. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: A total of 1,035 records were identified, of which 875 were reviewed after duplicates were removed. After screening, 12 full-text studies were included, of which 8 met the inclusion criteria. Half of the studies showed positive chronic effects on cardiac structure, blood pressure, and coronary perfusion, while the others reported acute benefits, including increased coronary collateral flow and reduced time and medication requirements for stress echocardiography. The methodological quality of the articles was rated as fair to good. Conclusion: IE was well tolerated, offering both chronic and acute benefits that improve cardiovascular health and the efficiency of diagnostic tests in patients with CAD.
Efectos del ejercicio isométrico sobre la salud cardiovascular y metabólica en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria: una revisión sistemática
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-02-09) Ariza Viviescas, Andres Mauricio; Sanchez Delgado, Juan Carlos ; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001678616; https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ySkJ2n8AAAAJ&hl=es
Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Isometric exercise (IE) has gained interest due to its versatility and effects on general health across different age groups. However, this intervention modality still requires further research when applied to patients with CAD. Objective: To evaluate the acute and chronic effects of IE on cardiovascular and metabolic health in patients with CAD through a systematic review. Methodology: This review identified randomized controlled clinical trials published up to June 2024 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. The databases consulted were Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase. Two independent researchers conducted the search, selection, and extraction of clinical trials. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: A total of 1,035 records were identified, of which 875 were reviewed after duplicates were removed. After screening, 12 full-text studies were included, of which 8 met the inclusion criteria. Half of the studies showed positive chronic effects on cardiac structure, blood pressure, and coronary perfusion, while the others reported acute benefits, including increased coronary collateral flow and reduced time and medication requirements for stress echocardiography. The methodological quality of the articles was rated as fair to good. Conclusion: IE was well tolerated, offering both chronic and acute benefits that improve cardiovascular health and the efficiency of diagnostic tests in patients with CAD

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