Factores de riesgo biológico prevalentes en trabajadores de la salud en Colombia en relación con su rol.

Abstract

Healthcare workers face a significant occupational risk due to biological accidents that expose them to infectious bodily fluids such as hepatitis B, C, and HIV, leading to a concerning 40% increase in occupational accidents in the healthcare and social service sector in Colombia between 2018 and 2020. The objective of this study is to identify factors influencing the risk of biological accidents among healthcare workers and strengthen preventive measures through ongoing training to reduce the risk and mitigate its impact on personnel health. The methodology included a retrospective analysis of occupational accident reports in the healthcare and social service sector during 2018-2020, evaluating accident circumstances, contributing factors, areas most affected, and implemented preventive measures. The results revealed a higher incidence of biological accidents in areas such as emergency rooms and intensive care units, with contributing factors such as improper use of personal protective equipment, work fatigue, and lack of prevention training. It is essential to implement effective preventive measures, provide continuous training, ensure the proper use of personal protective equipment, and promote a culture of occupational safety to protect the health of healthcare personnel and guarantee a safer work environment.