Rectificador trifasico con corrección de factor de potencia

Abstract

The degree project entitled "Three-phase rectifier with power factor correction" presents the design of a three-phase converter based on the current need for efficient use of energy supplied by the power grid, oriented from the perspective of reducing harmonic pollution generated by different devices and complying with international measures that set limits on the harmonic content of the current of the power grid. These switched converters have been used to improve the performance of various power conversion systems, particularly the voltage supply converter (VSC), commonly used in power systems in order to facilitate power flow control and improve power quality. Consequently, when performing a review of three-phase AC/DC converter topologies, the active rectifier is selected as the best option to replace the traditional rectifier. This topology is selected because it provides regulation of the DC bus, control over the power flow and operation with sinusoidal phase currents. The present work considers the applications of the voltage converter or three-phase rectifier, analyzing the power factor compensation (PFC) and the active power filter (APF) that attenuates the harmonics generated by the system, considering low harmonic distortion conditions, low reactive power consumption and the needs in terms of energy efficiency. The mathematical model of the system established in the synchronous reference frame is used with the purpose of decoupling the system variables, defining the behavior of the system in permanent regime and applying classical control techniques, designing the current and voltage compensators with the capacity of maintaining constant the output bus voltage and establishing a sinusoidal waveform in the input current. For the study of the step-up converter topology, the design of integral proportional controllers is carried out from traditional techniques of the control structure composed of a control structure with decoupling of active and reactive power, consisting of two current compensators in the synchronous reference frame and a cascade control structure decoupled by bandwidth applied to the output voltage. The results show that the design presents a good performance in steady state and transient, observing the absence of current harmonics of considerable magnitude, which is reflected in a high level of total harmonic distortion and a low power factor, making evident the benefits provided by the use of the proposed strategy in comparison with the traditional operation.

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