La Seguridad 4.0: La evolución de la prevención

Abstract

This monograph analyzes Safety 4.0 as an evolution of traditional approaches to occupational risk prevention, driven by the integration of emerging technologies into industrial safety management. The study draws on a review of scientific and technical literature, aimed at two questions: which technologies dominate the field today, and how prevention methods are changing in digital production environments. The findings indicate that the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, and data analytics expand monitoring capabilities and improve decision-making, while augmented reality supports the transition toward predictive and proactive prevention models. The results also point in a less optimistic direction. The successful implementation of Safety 4.0 does not depend on technology alone; its proper integration with organizational processes and human factors turns out to be equally decisive. These technologies offer significant opportunities to reduce occupational risk, yet they also bring challenges tied to change management and digital skills gaps. Beyond that, organizations face the need to operate within environments whose underlying logic differs substantially from the conventional one. Safety 4.0, then, emerges as a comprehensive approach that transforms occupational risk prevention and promotes safety systems aligned with the principles of Industry 4.0.