El pensamiento crítico en el fortalecimiento de la atención y el interés en los procesos de aprendizaje en el área de ciencias sociales, de los estudiantes de quinto de primaria de la Institución Educativa Agropecuaria y Ambiental Arca de Noe

Abstract

This research arises from the need to transform the traditional pedagogical practices that still predominate in rural contexts and that limit students' active participation, motivation, and critical understanding. Therefore, the general objective of the study was to strengthen the attention and interest of fifth-grade students at the Arca de Noe Agricultural and Environmental Educational Institution, using critical thinking strategies in the area of ​​social sciences. The methodology was framed within a qualitative approach, under the socio-critical paradigm and the action research (AR) type. The main results showed a significant change in the students' attitude, motivation, and participation. During the learning sessions, sustained attention and a growing interest in the content were observed when it was approached through reflection, dialogue, and connection to the rural context.The teaching strategies implemented, such as debates, dramatizations, video analysis, artistic activities, and cooperative work, promoted active learning and a critical understanding of topics such as citizenship, human rights, climate change, social inequalities, and interculturality. In summary, the research demonstrated that critical thinking is an essential pedagogical tool for strengthening attention and interest in the area of ​​Social Sciences. Its application fosters meaningful, participatory, and ethically oriented learning, allowing students to recognize themselves as active and reflective subjects within their community.