Calidad de vida relacionada con salud oral en niños de 7 a 10 años con hipomineralización de incisivos y molares del instituto nacional de comercio de Bucaramanga, Santander en el año 2016

Abstract

Background. Molar Incisor Hipomineralization (MIH) is a kind of qualitative defect in the development of enamel, which affects one to four first permanent molars and incisors, it causes deterioration and destruction of affected teeth and more susceptibility to tooth decay, more sensitivity in the dentin, therefore concern about the aesthetic appearance of the teeth, which can influence the quality of life. Objective: Evaluate the influence of MIH on quality of life related to oral health from students at 'Instituto Técnico Nacional de Comercio’. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study with 88 students selected through a non-probabilistic sampling where the age range was 7 to 10 years old. After obtaining signed informed consent, the CPQ 8-10 questionnaire was used, which was validated and translated into Spanish. The information was organized in a database and then analyzed with the program Stata IC version 13.0, where frequencies were calculated for categorical variables such as gender, stratum, social security, age and domains of the questionnaire. In a bivariate analysis the presence of MIH was evaluated in relation to the categorical variables by means Chi-Square or Fisher's exact test. The distribution of each domain of the questionnaire was analyzed with the 'Shapiro Wilk' test and generated the mean points of each domain to make an association of these with the presence of MIH and with the gender using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test (Mann-Whitney). Also, use the Kruskal-Wallis test to analyze the association of the domains of the questionnaire with the degree of HIM severity. Results: In the study the average age was 8.6 ± 1.2 years old, the final score of CPQ 8-10 was between 0-85 and bivariate tests showed association between the presence of HIM with age, socioeconomic stratum and safety Social but not with the gender. A correlation of the presence of HIM with all domains of the questionnaire (P <0.001) was found. In relation to the degree of HIM severity, a value of association with the domains of the questionnaire was not found. Conclusion: The presence of MIH in children between 7 to 10 years old have an influence in different components of quality of life than those who do not have this pathology.