Técnicas de frenectomía labial y lingual: Una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: The techniques of labial and lingual frenectomy are surgical correction processes for the defects of the braces that basically seek to restore the functionality of the affected area by removing the anatomical fold with the use of manual surgical instruments or by means of lasers. Objective: To describe the different techniques of labial and lingual frenectomy reported in the literature. Materials and methods: a systematic review was made of the literature that identified studies with the same question; In this case, in order to collect information on labial and lingual frenectomy techniques, the data corresponded to the results of published academic articles. Two reviewers performed the data extraction in duplicate and an Excel base was made with the variables, each of these were identified and their data were extracted for all the articles. Results: We managed to describe each of the techniques reported in the literature the conventional Z-plasty, rhomboidal, laser and two new techniques step by step, before starting the techniques of frenectomy should be considered certain clinical parameters for a good diagnosis of the type of frenulum and its classification that allow an intervention of the frenum extirpating it in its entirety. In the reviewed clinical trials, laser techniques and conventional techniques were compared according to the classification of patients regarding the degree of pain, difficulty in chewing and speech on a visual analog scale (VAS); concluding that patients treated with laser presented less discomfort. Conclusions: With this systematic review, great support is obtained for the residents of periodontics in the establishment of management protocols in patients requiring a frenectomy, to achieve comprehensive and successful treatment.