Especialización Geotecnia Vial y Pavimentos
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11634/187
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Ítem La durabilidad de las geomembranas HDPE y su aplicación en proyectos en Colombia y Brasil.(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2023-09-29) Pérez Parra, Daniel Eduardo; Ospina Lozano, Sandra Elodia; Universidad Santo TomasHigh Density Polyethylene (HDPE) geomembrane is the most widely used type of geomembrane in the world, especially for landfills and wastewater ponds. The high chemical and mechanical resistance of HDPE combined with a low permeability coefficient and low permeability coefficient and low production cost are the advantages of this product. A literature review on the durability of HDPE A documentary review of the durability of HDPE geomembranes has been carried out, where the agents that generate their deterioration were defined, making a comparison in civil works projects in Colombia and Brazil, identifying the cases of application of this geomembrane; with the purpose of understanding its behavior in different environments. Likewise, different alternatives were identified to increase its useful life and the quality of the projects focused on geotechnical engineering in Colombia.Ítem Cajas de retención de residuos peligrosos como dispositivos de conservación vial y protección ambiental.(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2023-02-02) Prieto Quiroga, Jaime Leonardo; Bernal, Andres; Universidad Santo Tomás TunjaThe operation of any highway in the world is not exempt from traffic incidents, and taking into account that many toxic substances like oil, diesel or many chemical are transported by land, sometimes it is not realized that will be the drainage of the road that evacuates part of these substances, which in many cases, reach acuatic ecosystems without any kind of intervention to prevent its spread. For this reason, this work seeks to descriptively present the retention boxes for dangerous products as a road-environmental conservation strategy to evaluate its implementation in colombian highways.Ítem Revisión de la investigación de concretos permeables en países de América latina(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2021-04-24) Bellon Higuera, Kevin Giovanni; Tobar Alvarado, Diego Javier; Cuellar, luz Angela; universidad santo tomasThe measures of conservation and useful life of the concrete, largely depends on the conditions of construction and coupling of the structure to the natural and working conditions to which they will be subjected, which is why the investigations for the diversity of Under these conditions, they have been structured based on the coupling of the concrete structure with additions that improve the quality of the useful life of its structure. This article shows a bibliographic review of the different studies of permeable concrete, which is a type of concrete that, due to its granulometric and capillary properties, allows an improvement in the free flow of water, allowing safer pass ability in the rolling layer. on its surface and complementing a cyclical process favorable to the environment with the feeding of underground water flows, on the other hand the different variations that it has had throughout the investigations with additives and alternatives in its internal composition are presented, determining theoretical foundations , constructive, technological, economic, operation and conservation of the pavements. In order to broaden the reader's perspective, the theoretical foundations will be complemented with practical concepts, such as essays and application cases in different Latin American countries, where this type of innovation technology has been implemented in the structural behavior of permeable concrete.Ítem Caracterización geotécnica para la estabilidad de ladera ubicada en el Km 4+430 vía Tunja-Arcabuco (Boyacá)(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2020-11-19) Sichacá Gámez, Iván Darío; Bernal Villate, Andrés FelipeThis document presents the geotechnical characterization to propose the stabilization methodology of the slope located in the vereda la colorada to the northwest of the city of Tunja, on the Tunja-Arcabuco road (Route 62) at the height of KM 4+430. This study includes the execution of soundings, description of the field tests and laboratory trials with their respective analyses, which allowed characterizing the parameters of resistance to cutting of each one of the layers of soil that conform the parts of the slope such as crown, body and foot; together with this the location of the phreatic level was established. Based on the information collected, a model of the slope was made in the "Geo-Slope" program. The purpose of the modeling was to define the safety factor (SF) that the slope currently has and, based on this, to investigate and provide a measure of stabilization if necessary.Ítem La tierra como material de construcción, propiedades y estabilizantes(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2020-10-16) Molina Contreras, Dayana Katerine; Becerra Becerra, Javier EduardoMethods of construction on land have been adapted throughout history, using different techniques for the planning, execution and construction of different works of great importance. At the same time, the have been the source of the first housing units. In which scientific and technological development wishes to implement strategies for the improvement of the quality of raw material, which for the case of study is land. This is a non-renewable material composed of clay, slit and sand. Also, it has some special characteristics such as the big quantity of minerals and the percentage of minerals establish by studies that allow their quantitative and qualitative identification. For soil-based constructions, different physical and chemical properties of used materials can be established; such as the structure, porosity, density, texture and color as well as the resistance to compression. This article presents the analysis of different research that highlights the use of land as a construction material, accompanied by the use of tests mineralogical characterization. Among which the x-ray fluorescence analysis is highlighted, being a very precise analytical method that does not cause alternations to the sample and the SEM-EDS that allows compositionally characterize the materials and know the origin of these.Ítem Importancia de la resistencia y vida útil de mezclas asfálticas modificadas con GCR en Colombia(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2020-10-13) Alarcón Figueroa, Daysse Paola; Chaparro Díaz, Julieta Lorena; Sánchez Suarez, María Alejandra; Toledo Castellanos, Miguel AngelNowadays one of the most important environmental problems is caused by the careless final destination of materials made of rubber, such as gloves, dental prostheses, tubes, shoes, hoses and tires. From this group tires are the most dangerous due to its long degradation. It takes more than 1000 years and generates carbon dioxide (CO2), considered a greenhouse gas, contributing to global warming. That's the reason why it is necessary to look for alternatives to improve the holistic management of this solid waste. After the process of crushing the tires, Recycled Rubber Grain (GCR) is obtained, which can be added to asphalt cement or be part of the aggregates in a dense hot mix MDC-19, known as modified mix, used in construction or on roads, improving the resistance of asphalt, fatigue and reducing premature aging caused by traffic loads. The application of modified asphalt with GCR has an initial cost greater than approximately 26% compared to an MDC-19, however, it will reduce the costs of rehabilitation and maintenance of the road network.Ítem Aplicación de caucho reciclado para uso en pavimento rígido : revisión, análisis y perspectivas de investigación(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2020-10-13) Sierra Rodriguez, Jasmith Daniela; Reyes López, Lina Johanna; Becerra Becerra., Javier EduardoTo determine the research status regarding uses, mechanical behavior of rubber and its interaction as a replacement in aggregates to establish the research perspectives that can be developed in the civil engineering faculties in Colombia. Methodology: it take into account different sources when collecting the information, as databases and bibliographic searches of scientific documents, journals, reports, undergraduate, institutional and personal works are investigated. Conclusions: From the national and international antecedents found in the different databases it is shown that those that apply recycling as a replacement for fine aggregate and the total volume of aggregates predominate taking an average water-cement ratio of 0.5 as an optimal value that guarantees high resistance. It is recommended that the replacement of the material should not be greater than 10% for substitution as fine aggregate or coarse aggregate.Ítem Diagnóstico de estrategias para mitigar la isla de calor empleando pavimento pigmentado(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2020-10-13) Cubides Echeverría, Brayan Zamir; Suarez Bustamante, Jeimy Katherine; Rojas Gamba, Néstor IvánThe Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect is the increase in ambient temperature generated by constant urbanization and massive building. The pavements are important receivers of solar radiation, which leads to an increase in the internal temperature, as well as affecting their useful life. This article summarizes the research carried out so far on the use of new technologies of pigmented and cold pavements, their benefits, advantages and disadvantages, when controlling the temperature of the pavement and mitigating the UHI. The pigmented and cold pavements, if they diminish the probability of appearing it and in certain cases it improves the properties of the mixture, comparing it with a traditional design.Ítem Efectos de los sulfatos de sodio y magnesio sobre las características físicas del concreto y sus agregados(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2020-05-18) Granados Franco, Edgar Mauricio; Medina Beltran, Laura Camila; Becerra Becerra, Javier EduardoStone aggregates are granular materials used in the construction of resistant elements. Samples of ½ ”and ¾” coarse aggregates from the “La Libertad” quarry of the Municipality of Samacá in the department of Boyacá were subjected to physical-mechanical tests to evaluate their resistance and quality, according to the standards proposed by the National Institute of Roads (INVIAS), the results indicate that these aggregates have good quality conditions for use in concrete. The representative aggregate fragments of the materials produced were observed, initially with a magnifying glass and stereoscope to determine aspects such as selection, color and shape. Subsequently, thin sections were observed under a polarized light microscope to analyze their mineralogical and textural characteristics, with special emphasis on the analysis of susceptibility to the development of pathological processes that may affect their performance in their use as concrete components. Once these observations were made, the fragments were immersed in sodium and magnesium sulfate solutions to verify what the effects are on the aggregates and on the concrete when exposed to these types of sulfates and thus observe the changes that they are presented in each one. When performing the immersion, results were evident such as: the loss of mass was 2,149 g with magnesium sulfate and 7,492 g with sodium sulfate compared to its initial weight in the test of crystallization of salts of aggregates in concrete , a decrease of 1.99% in the ½ ”aggregate and 1.82% in the ¾” aggregate in the sulfate solidity test carried out on the aggregates, in addition, the fragmentation and detachment of the aggregates was observed due to the crystallization of salts within the structure of the pores, causing a change in their volumes, fracturing the concrete.