Pregrado Derecho
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11634/152
Examinar
Envíos recientes
Ítem Perspectivas legales de la práctica corporativa: experiencia como practicante jurídico de aceites manuelita s.a.(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-02-18) Vaca Romero, Lizeth Lorena; Rodriguez Correa, Tomás Daniel; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001946523; https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0Fml3WAAAAAJ&hl=en; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/gruplac/jsp/visualiza/visualizagr.jsp?nro=00000000013120; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1455-6109In the process of legal practice carried out, I had at my disposal scenarios that contributed and complemented my personal, professional and academic training, mainly highlighting the factors that taught me to better handle the different situations that may arise throughout the performance. of my professional life. The objective of this report goes beyond exposing the operation of the company, it focuses a little more on providing advice to develop a more efficient work exercise in the area of law, taking into account my experience acquired at Aceites Manuelita S.A. Well, from there my work was directed at different tasks such as reviewing the different contracts, permits and their respective prerogatives for each particular case as established in the law, the cases where hearings for defenses were required, among other activities, all of this hand in hand with other fundamental factors for efficient performance such as assertive communication, which was essential for work harmony to exist.Ítem El salvador, del caos a la seguridad, un modelo inspirador para colombia(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-02-05) Laguna García, Kevin Mateo; Ortiz Mendez, Camila Andrea; Universidad Santo Tomas; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001586669; https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=cKqwWqEAAAAJ&hl=es; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/gruplac/jsp/visualiza/visualizagr.jsp?nro=00000000013120; https://orcid.org/my-orcid?orcid=0009-0009-9948-9742This paper systematizes the experience of a trip to El Salvador from both a legal and human perspective, highlighting how the country has managed to transform into one of the safest in the world. Through a detailed and critical analysis, the security strategies implemented by President Nayib Bukele to combat gangs such as Mara Salvatrucha and Barrio 18 are compared to the guerrilla groups in Colombia, such as FARC and ELN. This work reflects on how Salvadoran policies could be adapted in Colombia and emphasizes the importance of balancing citizen security with respect for human rights, paving the way for a safer and more inclusive society.Ítem Los mecanismos de democracia directa en Colombia y Bolivia(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-03-07) Reyes Balanta, Tatiana; Ballen Rojas, Jhon Alexander; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000054544; https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=d4I412MAAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2414-5429Through the study of the mechanisms of direct democracy from a historical and theoretical position, they examine and outline from his fundamental beginnings in the classic Athens and some ways of perceiving them nowadays for experts of the matter, certainly it is mentioned to his principal typical as his different modalities and purposes; that open the door us for the study compared from a juridical normative angle of these in Latin-American countries as Colombia and Bolivia presenting these as characteristic that connects them for the aim of this investigation that in these States there appear royal cases of intervention and blockade on the part of the central governments of the putting in mechanisms of direct democracy march to avoid his consultative and decision-making fulfillment on the acceptance or not of concessions of mining exploitation that directly affect the territories of the citizens that one wants to consult and the institution of the direct democracy.Ítem Causales de justificación para tipificar el contrato de maternidad subrogada en Colombia(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-02-28) Arias Viviescas, María Alejandra; Castro Pérez, Armando; Universidad Santo TomásSurrogacy is considered an assisted reproduction technique. In Colombia, this practice is not regulated; however, the legislative body has attempted numerous times from 2009 to 2023 to establish a legal framework. The research was able to determine that there is a greater legal risk due to the lack of a specific legal framework. As illustrated by examples from other countries, the absence of regulations can result in disputes over parentage, exploitation of surrogate mothers, and violation of the rights of children born through this practice. The research project conducted a comparative law analysis of surrogacy in Canada, the United States, and India, where gaps and recommendations from scholars in these specific legislations were identified. Likewise, it was evidenced that this is a current practice in Colombian territory despite the lack of official recognition in the normative system. By adopting best practices and lessons from other countries, Colombia can create a balanced legal framework that prevents exploitation and facilitates safe and ethical access to surrogacy. The qualitative approach of the research analyzes the reality of surrogacy in Colombia, proposing regulation based on documentary analysis and comparative law. This approach allows for the identification of legal gaps and possible improvements, ensuring that Colombian regulations reflect its commitment to human dignity and women's reproductive rights.Ítem Trazando los Límites: Los Pueblos Indígenas y la Preservación Territorial Frente al Desafío del Fracking(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-02-14) Aldana Cubides, Sara Milena; Alarcón Machete, Luisa Daniela; Albornoz Luque, Yurany Valentina; Ballesteros Moreno, María Constanza; Universidad Santo Tomas; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001562809; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001846095; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3147-7488; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-3654The defense of the territorial rights of Indigenous Peoples has initiated a debate regarding the effectiveness of the current regulatory framework in Colombia concerning the recognition, special protection, and guarantee of these constitutional rights. In contemporary times, new challenges have emerged associated with extraction methods, which has become a particular threat to Indigenous Reserves—territories that hold special significance for the cultural diversity of the country. Therefore, this article qualitatively analyzes the impacts associated with this practice in the hydrocarbon industry in relation to the violation of the territorial rights of Indigenous communities. It examines the current legislation, focusing on Prior Consultation, a privileged legal tool within the constitutional guidelines designed to ensure the protection of these rights. Additionally, it evaluates the effectiveness and limitations of this tool in fulfilling existing regulations on territorial rights.Ítem La Responsabilidad del Estado Colombiano; un análisis jurídico frente a los riegos Naturales para una gestión eficaz.(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-02-03) Vela Palacios, Cristian Camilo; Sandra, AvallenadaThis article aims to analyze the responsibility of the Colombian State regarding natural risks, considering the current legal framework and the implications of disaster management. Through a critical approach, existing regulations and relevant jurisprudence are examined, and strategies are proposed to improve the state's response to emergency situations. It is concluded that, although the State has made progress in creating policies and laws, it is necessary to strengthen implementation and inter-institutional coordination to ensure effective management of natural risks.Ítem Análisis Sobre Las Implicaciones Socio – Jurídicas De La Ley 1010 De 2006 En Las Relaciones Laborales Del Sector De Transporte Urbano Colectivo Caso “UT Mi Ruta” En La Ciudad De Tunja – Boyacá(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-01-28) Piracoca Pérez, Paula Catalina; Pardo Rodríguez, Andrés José; Universidad Santo TomásHuman beings have always had the need to transport themselves from one place to another, in ancient times we walked, then other means of transportation such as horses, carriages or carts were used, but as people evolved, humanity increased and with it, more dynamics of public transportation were generated, which were necessary to transport people or a group of people from one point to another. It was these dynamics that led to the establishment of several types of transportation, such as: I) Personal - individual transportation; ii) Maritime public transportation; iii) Air public transportation; iv) Land public transportation. The needs of human beings led them to establish other types of transportation, especially for people who wanted to go alone or accompanied, for those who were not interested in being accompanied without knowing anyone on the transport. However, in Colombia, since 1959, the first definition of chauffeurs or drivers of public services was established by means of article 15 of law 15 of the same year; but this idea was never developed to establish labor relations for this type of transportation, on the contrary, it was left to freedom for many years between the owner of the vehicle and the contracting company. Therefore, the objective of this research is, first, to unravel the labor relations between drivers of the Transported of Services Publics Colectivos (T.S.P.C.) and the employer, which in this case is the employer of the vehicle. ) the employer, which in this case would be understood as the company Mi Ruta and the owner of the vehicle, the function of each subject in the tripartite relationship that is denoted in the labor relationship, but also seeks to determine whether the behaviors of each subject linked revolve around labor harassment, which was defined by Law 1010 of 2006, that is, in the existing or nascent relationship of the public service, which was not yet seen as a real or specific labor relationship, despite the fact that in the Colombian legislation there is only a chapter that talks about drivers but does not apply to urban transport workers, to which it is made clear that the need to create decent working conditions together with anti - labor harassment policies has been overlooked. This research has a mixed approach, made up of two components: Quantitative and Qualitative. In this work we will take into account the methods of data collection, therefore, we will randomly take the workers "drivers" of Transported Urbano Colectivo (T.U.C.) of the city of Tunja, to which we will apply for survey or interview where we will take into account the social, economic, legal, health factors, among others. Key words: Labor harassment, land transportation, labor relationshipÍtem Influencia de los medios de comunicación en relación con el pensamiento de los colombianos y el derecho penal(Universidad Santo Tomás) Mariño Hernández, Paula Andrea; Garavito, Daniel; Universidad Santo Tomas- Seccional TunjaThis article analyzes the role played by the media in the criminal process and how its use affects the principle of publicity in the framework of justice. In an era profoundly marked by digitalization and the immediacy of information, the media has become a key tool not only to inform, but also to shape society's perception of criminal justice. The principle of publicity ensures that criminal proceedings are accessible to the public, allowing social scrutiny and monitoring of judicial proceedings. However, in a media context, this principle faces new challenges since the way in which information regarding criminal cases is shared can strengthen the relationship between the community and justice, but it can also distort the reality of the process if it is not handled responsibly. The analysis between the media and criminal justice is not only necessary to understand how society relates to the judicial system, but also to clarify these limits to ensure an adequate use of public information. In this way, progress can be made in building a more solid trust between the community and the justice system, guaranteeing the end of this principle of publicity and communication.Ítem Equidad en la Migración: Un Análisis Constitucional del Derecho a la Igualdad en Colombia(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-01-23) Santamaría Angélica; Hernández Martín; Universidad Santo TomásThis paper aims to examine the impact of the Colombian Constitutional Court in the analysis of the right to equality within the migration context, with special emphasis on the Venezuelan migrant crisis. Through a qualitative methodology, an exhaustive study of relevant rulings of the Court was carried out, together with public policy documents and national and international regulations related to migrants' rights. The main results indicate that the Court has set important precedents that ensure non-discriminatory access to fundamental services such as health, education, and employment, regardless of immigration status. In various rulings, the importance of human dignity has been emphasized. In the interest of a human rights-based approach. However, major obstacles have been identified in the implementation of such policies, such as lack of sufficient resources and lack of effective coordination among government actors. The recommendations made are aimed at improving the clarity and effectiveness of migration policies in Colombia.Ítem Derecho de los consumidores en el comercio electrónico: análisis normativo del derecho a la información previa en el ordenamiento jurídico español y colombiano(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-12-11) Pinto Parra, Valeria; Moncada Flórez, Juan PabloThe purpose of this research is to conduct a regulatory analysis -of consumers rights- in electronic commerce, specifically the right to information prior to the formalization of the contract in the Spanish and Colombian legal systems. A comparison of regulatory systems of both countries regarding this main right of consumers in e-commerce is planned. European Union law where Spain is a member country, is taken as a reference, since that it is the economic and regulatory area of reference in the field of consumer protection in online commerce to determine if there are regulatory gaps in the Colombian legal system that do not allow the truth protection of the weak part of online business relationship: the consumer.Ítem PROCEDENCIA EXCEPCIONALÍSIMA DE LA ACCIÓN DE TUTELA CONTRA PROVIDENCIAS JUDICIALES DE HABEAS CORPUS(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-11-22) Sepulveda Correa, Hermes Gescel; Rojas Bedoya, Jose Anibal; Universidad Santo TomasThis article analyzes the exceptional origin of the tutela action as a constitutional mechanism of judicial defense against the orders issued within the habeas corpus appeal, as an instrument to guarantee the fundamental right to due process within the framework of judicial action, which defines the request for freedom. In that order, it is proposed to make a jurisprudential contrast of positions between the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court of Justice from the most recent pronouncements of each Corporation, therefore, the background study that is called for on this occasion will be carried out by defining in principle, the general legal aspects of the tutela action, addressing the requirements of the origin of the amparo appeal to question judicial decisions, and thus descend with special interest, in the criteria of origin that have been established by the high Courts, to enable constitutional protection through the exceptional path of the tutela action in the habeas corpus proceedings.Ítem Parámetros jurisprudenciales para promover el cumplimiento del principio de igualdad de armas en el sistema penal acusatorio(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-10-31) Otero Rojas, Valentina; Ordoñez Díaz, Susana Carlota Margarita; Martínez Fajardo, José PabloThe principle of equality of arms enshrined in Article 8 of the American Convention on Human Rights is fundamental to guaranteeing a fair trial by ensuring that all parties in a judicial proceeding have equal opportunities to present their case and access their right to defense, however, in the Colombian context the Constitutional Court has emphasized the importance of this principle, pointing out that its application is not limited to equal access to information but also encompasses the availability of all the resources necessary for an effective defense. This research focuses on analyzing the application of the principle of equality of arms in the Colombian criminal system, particularly in the framework of application of Law 906 of 2004 and the Colombian code of criminal procedure through a study of judicial sentences issued by the constitutional court between the years 2004 and 2023 through which it seeks to identify the jurisprudential parameters that have guided the protection or rejection of this right. The results of this research are relevant to the strengthening of the social rule of law in Colombia, since they provide a detailed vision regarding how this principle has been interpreted and applied, and also offers legal tools that can guide legal operators in the identification of possible violations of this principle in future judicial processes.Ítem DE LOS CAMBIOS ESTRUCTURALES DE LA DOGMATICA JURIDICO PENAL BAJO LA INFLUENCIA DE ENTORNOS VIRTUALES ULTRA REALES(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-10-10) Lizarazo Gil, Sergio Andres; Garavito Rincon, Daniel Felipe; Universidad Santo TomasThe advancement of technology has transformed human interactions, especially through ultra-realistic virtual environments, posing new challenges for criminal dogmatics. This study analyzes how these ultra-realistic simulations affect the capacity of criminal law to regulate emerging behaviors. Current laws, focused on physical actions, are overwhelmed by virtual behaviors that generate real consequences, such as sexual assaults through avatars, sensorial and extra-sensory induction. In addition, the current notions of crime that can treat these new emerging behaviors are analyzed, thus visualizing how the concept of Metacrime arises in an insufficient way to address these new actions, differentiating itself from traditional cybercrime and demanding a redefinition of the protected legal assets. This work also examines the application of principles such as proportionality and legality, pointing out the need for the State's ius puniendi to adjust to virtualization delimited by the precepts that found it, protecting fundamental rights such as human dignity. This is how it is proposed that criminal law must adapt to the changes brought about by ultra-realistic environments, integrating a new categorisation of crimes and adjusting sanctions to the damage caused in this context. This will allow for a fairer and more effective regulation of criminal behaviour in the virtual world, maintaining a balance between social protection and individual rights.Ítem ELA y su Dignificación Dentro del Derecho Laboral Colombiano.(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024) Arevalo Bermudez, Martin; Márquez Peña, Cristian Camilo; Vargas Espitia, Liliana Andrea; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001616647; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0002041282; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0002134085; https://scholar.google.es/citations?hl=es&user=56bPjXgAAAAJThe framework of Colombian labor law, part of the dignification of the subjects involved in labor relations, is therefore of utmost vitality, that every subject who is immersed in the labor relationship has in his own assets a close relationship between a contractual link and a set of rights of constitutional and international rank, this being a scheme that guarantees and protects the worker. Now, the materialization of the dignity of the worker becomes effective as soon as the worker meets certain physical characteristics and distinctions, these same causes that it is imperative to clarify the open discrimination that this implies, the provision of services by workers must be carried out without any distinction of their age, sex, ethnicity, religion or what they attend due to illness. The challenges of implementing a permanent dignification for workers suffering from ALS are a changing challenge. The context of applicability to the Colombian jurisdiction has been characterized by its lack of material flexibility, little effectiveness, slowness in the transformation that innovates the material, contractual and legal conditions of workers suffering from ALS in Colombia. The Colombian labor system is characterized, to our regret, by the low participation and control of the citizens. Through tomographic studies, swallowing studies, magnetic resonances and genetic tests, which have triggered important elements to highlight specific to this disease that allow the medical, legal and social advancement of this condition (ALS). Under this understanding, a scientific and legal revolution has been derived regarding the ways of implementing mechanisms of inclusion and dignity for workers suffering from ALS. On the contrary, few alternative methods have been evidenced that function strongly as transitory mechanisms that have in their favor a formal and material dignity for the worker. The ELA has forced many studies to focus on a search, which is to find the appropriate means to allow the worker to live a dignified life, which has a permanent and effective result. Theorists and researchers have formulated positions about the reasons and principles that justify a materialization of medical-scientific advances in order to investigate in depth this type of medical pathologies. However, the real challenge lies in the materialization of the theoretical-practical formulas proposed by various authors, as well as by different scientific, medical and legal corporations. Because the economic, social, cultural, commercial, family, educational and psychological difficulties disperse the idea of implementing an inclusive labor system that guarantees the rights of the worker.Ítem Efectos Jurídicos del TLC con Estados Unidos en la Seguridad Alimentaria Partiendo del Sector Arrocero Colombiano(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-10-07) Gómez Galindo, Daniela; Lara Montes, Kevin Andrés; Echeverry Botero, David Augusto; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001359192; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0002194046; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001750331; https://scholar.google.es/citations?hl=es&user=KhEBh7cAAAAJ; https://scholar.google.es/citations?hl=es&user=S4IBknMAAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1893-9836; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2704-9156; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6349-5504This study analyzes the legal effects of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between Colombia and the United States in relation to the food security of the rice sector, in accordance with Article 65 of the Political Constitution of Colombia. The applicable regulations and state intervention in the protection of agricultural production are examined, evaluating whether the FTA undermines this right in the context of rice production. The study provides an analysis of the rice sector, covering its history, value chain, financial tools, implemented policies, involved actors, and relevant regulations. Through a comparison with the approaches adopted by the United States and China in the management of the rice sector, lessons are identified that could strengthen food security in Colombia. Additionally, commercial defense measures of the FTA, such as safeguards and subsidy prohibitions, are analyzed, aimed at protecting national producers from increased imports. This study adopts a qualitative approach with an exploratory-descriptive design, focused on analyzing the legal and constitutional effects derived from the FTA. The research concludes that the FTA is constitutionally compatible with Article 65, as it incorporates protection mechanisms for farmers during the implementation of tariff relief, ensuring the sustainability of the rice sector and the country’s food securityÍtem Implicaciones de la estabilidad laboral para sujetos de especial protección constitucional: madres cabeza de familia y personas en vulnerabilidad por su condición de salud, en el contexto de la provisionalidad(Universidad Santo Tomás, 30/09/2024) López Niño, Valery Dayana; López Niño, Valery Dayana; Universidad Santo TomásThe article examines the reinforced job stability of single mothers or fathers and individuals with vulnerable health conditions in the context of provisional positions in public service. It analyzes how these public servants, who have not entered through a merit-based selection process, face risks of dismissal and the constitutional protections that safeguard them. The text details the necessary conditions for job stability to apply, such as the prolonged responsibility of caring for dependents and the absence of economic support. Furthermore, it explores the available legal mechanisms, highlighting the means of nullity and restoration of rights and the tutela action as tools to protect the rights of these workers. It emphasizes the importance of resorting to these mechanisms when dismissal threatens the minimum vitality and causes irreparable harm. Finally, it underscores the lack of clear regulation and the impact this has on the administration of justice, often resulting in contradictory rulings.Ítem Las Relaciones Bilaterales de la Santa Sede con Colombia y demás Países Latinoamericanos desde el Siglo XIX hasta el Siglo XXI(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024) Pinzón Gaona, Juan David; Moreno Díaz, Vilma Stella; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001085239; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0002136797; https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=We46KCgAAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3874-3614; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5526-4842Ítem ¿Cómo se Estructura el Tipo Penal de Acoso Sexual en Colombia?(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024) Rodriguez Becerra, Maria Alejandra; Bárcenas Espitia, Edgar; Universidad Santo Tómas; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001663043Ítem Ediles en Colombia: analisis integral del marco normativo.(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-09-20) Dueñas Becerra, Daniel Alejandro; Carrillo Salazar, David Libardo; Cortes Borrero, Rodrigo; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarcurriculocv.do?cod_rh=0001585622; https://scholar.google.es/citations?user=r3mwh2aaaaaj&hl=es; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-5648This work analyzes the special regime established for districts in Colombia, with a particular focus on the administration and budgetary management of Local Development Funds (F.D.L.) and the role of Local Administrative Boards (JAL). The research is based on a comprehensive review of relevant regulations and legal provisions, including Decree Law 1421 of 1993, applicable to the Capital District of Santafé de Bogotá, and complementary laws governing the functioning and powers of the JAL in various districts across the country. The study is structured into several chapters, beginning with a detailed analysis of the regulatory framework that defines the administration of districts in Colombia. The role of the JAL in the formulation, review, and approval of the budget is examined, as well as their ability to influence the execution of projects and the provision of public services at the local level. The methodology used to evaluate the effectiveness and transparency in budgetary management is also addressed, highlighting the importance of citizen participation and oversight in the administration of resources in different district contexts throughout the country. The analysis reveals that, although the JAL plays a crucial role in the management of resources at the local level, they face several challenges related to the effectiveness of administration and the implementation of public policies. The JAL is responsible for approving the annual budget of the F.D.L., which includes the planning and allocation of resources for investments and operations, following the guidelines set by district councils and local mayors. The research shows that, while there is a solid regulatory framework for budgetary administration in districts, practice reveals areas for improvement in terms of transparency and efficiency in various regions of the country. Additionally, the processes of budget submission, study, approval, and sanctioning are examined, identifying inefficiencies and difficulties that may arise during each stage. The impact of disqualifications and incompatibilities of local councilors is considered, as well as the restrictions and powers that affect their ability to manage and oversee resources effectively in different districts of Colombia. The study concludes that optimizing the budgetary process in the country's districts requires greater integration between the JAL, local authorities, and the citizenry. It suggests that strengthening the technical and administrative capacity of the JAL, improving accountability mechanisms, and encouraging greater citizen participation are essential to achieving more transparent and efficient management of public resources at the national level.Ítem El Levantamiento del Velo Corporativo en el Régimen de Responsabilidad Fiscal: Ventajas y Desventajas(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024) Santa Medina, Nandy Stephanie; Báez Mesa, Dacmar Andrea; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000136020; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1669-1419