Relación de la composición corporal con los saltos: squat jump y countermovement jump, en los jugadores de baloncesto de un equipo universitario.

Abstract

Basketball, one of the most practiced sports in the world, is characterized by fast movements and solid technical fundamentals, it is distinguished for being a collective and individual game, where characteristics such as body composition and explosive strength are fundamental. Basketball players exhibit distinctive anthropometric qualities that could be related to the Squat Jump and Counter Movement Jump. Objective: To determine body composition and its relationship with the types of jump: Squat jump and Counter Movement Jump in basketball players of a university team. Methodology: A study with a descriptive quantitative approach and cross-sectional design based on convenience sampling, applied to 15 students of the men's basketball team representing the Universidad Santo Tomás Tunja. Instruments used were: the Tanita FiScan BC-601FS to evaluate body composition, the Smart Contact Mat DMJUMP® to evaluate the Squat Jump (SJ) and Counter Movement Jump (CMJ); finally, the SPSS software (Statistical Package for the Social Science) for Windows, version 23, was used to analyze the data. Results: It is indicated that there is a negative relationship berween the percentage of body fat and the height of the jumps. In other words, players with a higher percentage of fat tend to have shorter jumps, thus suggesting a moderate positive relationship between muscle mass and jump height, indicating that players with higher muscle mass tend to perform higher jumps. Conclusions: According to the study conducted it was concluded that the performance and quality of the players' jumps are negatively affected by the excess of the fat component and negatively affected by the shortage of the muscle component.