Factores de riesgo que vulneran los derechos de los niños y niñas en el grado 202, jornada mañana, en el Colegio San Juan de Girón

Abstract

This project aimed to identify risk factors that affect the rights of the boys and girls at Colegio San Juan de Girón. It sought to understand how school, family, and community conditions influence the lives of students, and what educational actions can help transform these realities from within the classroom. The main problem identified was related to economic hardship, domestic violence, lack of family support, institutional limitations in resources, and the absence of safe community spaces. These issues affected academic performance, self-esteem, motivation, and interpersonal relationships, leading to verbal conflicts, peer problems, and a risk of school dropout. The methodology was based on action research, which enabled participatory work among students, families, and teachers. Field journals, focus groups, and document analysis were used, along with an action plan that included playful and reflective workshops focused on recognizing rights, emotional expression, and peaceful conflict resolution. The results showed improvements in emotional self-regulation, a reduction in conflicts, and increased family participation. Cooperative dynamics and activities such as murals and dramatizations strengthened group cohesion and the school climate. In conclusion, the violation of children’s rights is a multifactorial issue, but schools can become protective spaces if they adopt a critical pedagogy that promotes dialogue, play, and participation. Protecting children’s rights is an ethical and social commitment capable of fostering resilience and a culture of peace.