Pobreza y efectos socioeconómicos en el departamento del Huila a partir de la diferencia de ingresos interdepartamental 2008-2018

Abstract

The paper aims to describe and analyse interdepartmental income differences in order to observe the welfare effects on the population of Huila compared to other departments. Thus, a descriptive analysis of the variables was made and then the indicators were modelled using panel data methodology. The information was collected from national statistical portals and from research on inequality, poverty and income. It was found that income measured through GDP per capita does have an impact on welfare indicators such as poverty diseases, education and participation; that variations in GDP per capita represent inequalities between departments; and that internal characteristics in each department are unobservable effects that do not carry over from one territory to another. This is why Huila is better than six departments in terms of acute respiratory infections, but in mortality due to malnutrition, monetary poverty and extreme monetary poverty, Antioquia and Caquetá, which have differences in GDP per capita on average, have the same result and are better than Huila. The analysis of the differences in income and living conditions of the population is relevant for public policies, because these differences allow us to observe the factors that are most stimulated by changes in people's income and thus allow us to identify where public policies should be directed, bearing in mind that their focus is differential.