Evaluación de la Eficiencia en la Reducción de Emisiones de CO Y CO2 , por medio del Diseño Experimental de un Filtro de Aluminio

Abstract

Fossil fuels have supplied the energy demand of the different human activities since the beginning of industrialization and still remain the energy source most commonly used [1], this has brought as a consequence the increased concentrations of CO2 and CO, assuming an environmental, social and economic problem worldwide, as the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to meet government requirements for air quality and minimize climate change involves the use of technologies to reduce emissions which are mostly expensive and sometimes inefficient [2]. This research paper describes and evaluates experimental level, efficiency of aluminum in reducing emissions of CO2 (carbon dioxide) and CO (carbon monoxide), for this design of an aluminum filter is realized was established within a tight column which simulated a contaminated environment (as it was fed by gas from a diesel engine which is connected at the bottom) and allowed to vary the height at which the filter was located in order to control the temperature at which the gases came into contact with aluminum. The reduction efficiency of gases is determined according to two physical states of aluminum (grit and dust, because they have differences in their adsorptive properties), two mass concentrations of aluminum (150g and 300g) and three different temperatures T1 (36.52 °C), T2 (37.85 °C) and T3 (40.37 °C), which were obtained from the average temperature of the heights each arranged in the column. For the measurement of the gases emitted by the diesel engine emissions analyzer NHA- 406/506/206 facilitated by the Universidad Santo Tomás, which measures the concentration of HC, CO2, CO, O2 and NO2 equipment was used, having fast response times for different pollutants, a digital thermometer for temperature data was used. The results obtained show that aluminum has the ability to reduce emissions of CO2 and CO for three temperatures, the height 1m which presented the best reduction with a temperature T3 of 40.4 °C, the same way He obtained that the aluminum powder had better reduction in grit aluminum and using 300 g of mass best results were obtained in the reduction.