Análisis Comparativo de la Ganadería Lechera de Puebla en México y el Departamento del Meta, Colombia

Abstract

This monograph makes a comparative analysis of the dairy production systems between the region of Puebla, Mexico and the department of Meta, Colombia, with the objective of understanding the productive, economic and social dynamics that characterize both dairy industries. It is based on a bibliographic review and on the direct experience obtained during a business visit to Tamariz, an important Mexican dairy company located in Puebla. The purpose is to carry out a comparative analysis of dairy farming in Puebla in Mexico and in the Department of Meta, Colombia, identifying both the particularities and the challenges shared in both regions. Through the analysis, it became evident that while Mexico has developed a highly technified and specialized model, exemplified by the Tamariz case, Colombia (Meta) presents a more diversified system with a greater presence of small producers. Both systems face similar challenges in terms of environmental sustainability, price volatility and the need to adapt to changing market demands. The study highlighted the importance of public policies and sectoral organization in the development of the dairy industry, as well as the need to implement sustainable practices that guarantee the long-term viability of the sector, suggesting that success in dairy production does not depend solely on technification, but also on the capacity to develop models adapted to specific local conditions.