Ruta metodologica para la neutralidad de carbono en el subsector avícola de Santander, Colombia

Abstract

The poultry sector is one of the most significant productive activities in Colombia. In the a context of the country's commitments to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 and to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 51% by 2030, this study proposes a methodological pathway aimed at guiding carbon neutrality management in the department of Santander, the leading poultry-producing region in the country. The research was conducted through documentary review with a descriptive and propositional approach, drawing on scientific literature, current Colombian regulations, and technical guidelines applicable to environmental and sustainable development fields, with an emphasis on GHG management. The analysis found the main potential emission sources within the poultry production chain, including feed production, fuel consumption in farms and auxiliary facilities, transportation and coordination of inputs and products, electricity use, and the management of poultry litter (manure). Based on these findings, a methodological pathway was structured into four phases: measurement of the carbon footprint, implementation of emission reduction strategies, compensation of residual emissions, and verification or voluntary certification processes. This proposal serves as a technical reference tool to organize climate management within the poultry subsector. However, its implementation requires reliable primary data, the development of verifiable inventories, field validation, and investment commitment from producers, which stands for significant challenge in the face of the current climate crisis.