Análisis del perímetro urbano del municipio de Ocaña, Norte de Santander. A través del proceso de expansión urbana y la influencia de la vivienda residencial campestre

Abstract

The urban evolution of the Ocaña city has been framed by an urban perimeter that is equally dynamic over time, which has led to notable changes in land use, constantly reclassifying the urban, suburban and rural lands which have been defined with criteria of territorial ordering in order to guarantee a sustainable and orderly growth for the city. However, these premises are generally distorted in reality, creating particular situations of development in the margins near the perimeter. The Ocaña city, due to its topographic conditions, formed by undulating soils, bathed by two natural tributaries and surrounded by mountain ranges, has induced urban growth in a linear manner in the south-north direction, starting between the valleys of the Tejo river and Chiquito river, and from there expanding progressively, currently counting with two main sectors of future urban occupation, the east and the west. In the case of the western margin of the city, there are strong territorial dynamics of land occupation without having a city offer that satisfies the future demands of the new inhabitants who settle in it. Thus, according to the existing occupation model it is necessary to know the transformations to the urban perimeter of the city that generates an unstable margin of rururban occupation, produced by the mixture of urban soils separated by an imaginary line, which generates the cartographic border of rural soils with the purpose of rural subdivision of the different normative land use classifications. This is why it seeks to highlight the new territorial realities that have been developed and that in the medium term will transform the existing and possibly distorted occupation model with reference to the ideal projection of the sector. However, the research topic indicates that the conditions the regulations adopted by the PBOT of the municipality of Ocaña that favor the process of urbanization in lands of urban expansion and suburbanization of the rural residential use of the territory, led to an unfavorable marginal development of the urban perimeter; presenting inequities and environmental, economic and social impacts on the ocañera citizenship and under this assumption the research methodology is designed through a mixed approach through a process that allows to collect, analyze and link quantitative and qualitative data in a single study for respond to the problem, going through an exploratory stage, where initial information is collected to address the research topic, following an analytical stage where a morphological and comparative study of the spatialities in the perimeter strip and ending with the stage of reflection and argumentation is made where it will conclude with the construction of a proposal of guidelines that allows the reconstruction of the urban expansion and the redefinition of the urban perimeter.