Análisis Bibliométrico enfocado en el aporte de los sistemas de producción agrícola acuapónico hidropónico en el desarrollo rural sostenible.

Abstract

Agricultural production systems are essential to guarantee the availability of food for humanity in terms of supply and demand. While the world population grows exponentially, especially in some continents or regions, with a higher incidence in cities in contrast to rural environments, presenting conditions of social vulnerability due to the situation of food availability. In fact, the agricultural sector, which is one of the major food generators, occupies large tracts of land, and in most cases it is not possible to satisfy the local needs of the population, due to different affectations such as: soils in less than optimal conditions for cultivation, inefficient native agricultural practices, the field is dispersing since the population is concentrating in urban areas leaving aside the available and qualified labor, among others. During the last century, humanity has sought to generate new alternatives that allow reducing poverty standards in a large part of the population, with actions so that all people have all the basic needs to live a dignified life, in terms of well-being and access to food, in order to reduce hunger and malnutrition in the world. Some alternatives that stand out in food production due to their efficiency are hydroponic cultivation systems, which allow the use of water resources with mineral solutions, using the recirculation of water for the production of different plant species, as well as the aquaponic medium, which allows cultivating plants and animal species, through a system of hydropic combination. In this order of ideas, the present document aims to develop a bibliometric study on aquaponic and hydroponic systems in the implementation of vertical farms to strengthen food production in favor of environmental sustainability, which with the support of the database of With Scopus data, a literature review was carried out, which enables the knowledge and analysis of scientific articles as conceptual and methodological contributions to more clearly address the reality and opportunity in rural areas in terms of food production through vertical farm crops. with a focus on environmental sustainability.