Factores socioeconómicos determinantes en la no adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con hipertensión arterial en Colombia; revision de las investigaciones actuales

Abstract

Arterial hypertension is a serious health problem, due to the multiple consequences it can have on the person who suffers from it, since in most cases it is asymptomatic, thus generating a greater risk of suffering multisystemic complications. Objective: To develop a review and analysis of the research trends found on socioeconomic factors associated with non-adherence to treatment in patients with arterial hypertension. Materials and methods: This is a systematic study, with a descriptive methodology of informative documentary type, which consisted of a bibliographic review of scientific articles and theses, in sources such as Scopus, Sciencie direct, Pumed, Redalyc, the search was carried out under some criteria, after which the synthesis and extraction of data was made. Results and discussion: Ten articles of studies done in Colombia and other countries, were analyzed, where low adherence to treatment of arterial hypertension is evidenced by different socioeconomic factors, income and socioeconomic level, doctor-patient relationship, knowledge of the disease, social and family support, and perception of the severity of the disease. These factors have a negative influence on adherence to treatment since the patient lacks these traits, which cause them to stop following medical recommendations and finally abandon treatment. Conclusion: It is important to work on health education and the strengthening of support networks to improve adherence and reduce the complications associated with hypertension.