Propuesta de producción de biochar a partir de residuos de aserraderos como estrategia de captura de co2 y gestión sostenible de residuos en Tocancipá, Cundinamarca.

Abstract

The increase in greenhouse gas emissions and the inadequate management of wood residues represent significant challenges for climate change mitigation and the sustainable utilization of residual biomass at the local level. In the municipality of Tocancipá (Cundinamarca), the wood processing sector generates an estimated gross supply of 1,120 t/year of lignocellulosic residues which, in the absence of valorization alternatives, may be directed to disposal, natural degradation, or open burning. In this context, the objective of this study is to formulate a proposal for the production of biochar from wood residues generated by local sawmills, as an alternative for residual biomass valorization, carbon removal, and potential application in soils degraded by forest fires. The proposal is based on the Biochar Carbon Removal Certification (CORC) methodology under the PURE Earth standard, on the estimation of residual biomass availability, and on the definition of the technical parameters of the pyrolysis process for its conversion into biochar. Based on an estimated technically recoverable fraction of 560 t/year of dry biomass and a conversion yield of 50%, an approximate production of 280 t/year of biochar is projected. Under the adopted methodological assumptions, a potential net carbon removal of 575 t CO2 eq/year was estimated. Additionally, a conceptual Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) system is proposed as methodological support for the traceability of the estimates, together with potential co-benefits associated with the valorization of wood residues and the potential rehabilitation of soils degraded by forest fires.