La construcción del enemigo inmigrante. análisis de la red social Twitter en la reproducción de discursos xenófobos hacia la población migrante venezolana en Bogotá (2020-2021).

Abstract

In the year 2018 the lawyer Ivan Duque Marquez, linked to the political party Centro Democratico, arrives to the presidency of Colombia, among the challenges that should be responsible in his administration is the increase in the migratory flow generated by the economic hyperinflation, the social and political crisis that Venezuela was living in, which was becoming more acute with the passing of the years, in this way the lack of guarantees and public policies that would adequately attend to the Venezuelan population that by the year 2019, According to migration figures Colombia more than one million 488 Venezuelans had decided to emigrate to Colombia, of which 750,918 were on a regular basis and 737,455 did not have the corresponding permits. Of this figure, 24.03% or more than 357,667 people from Venezuela lived in Bogota, followed by Norte de Santander with 10.87% and Antioquia with 139,871 Venezuelans, which is equivalent to 9.40% of the total. It should be noted that the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) of Colombia confirms that within the national territory there are close to 2.2 million Venezuelan migrants by the year 2022.

For the year 2020, Colombia presented a percentage of 18.1% (DANE, 2020) of people in condition of multidimensional poverty, particularly Bogota showed an increase of 0.4 percentage points where, in addition to this, the capital of Colombia presented that in 20.2% (DANE, 2020) Of the capital households, spending on food declined and in 24.0% had to borrow to meet the needs caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to this, with respect to the migrant population, six out of ten people were in a situation of food insecurity. In addition to this, six out of ten migrants were food insecure. In this way, from the arrival of Venezuelan migrants, the aim is to analyze the content in the information published in the social network of microblogging Twitter by political figures through an advanced search during a period of 2020 to 2021 in the city of Bogota, In terms of the reproduction of xenophobic speeches that feed the reproduction of Carl Schmitt's friend-enemy disjunctive in order to expose the stigmas and limitations that the Venezuelan migrant population must face in a country with social, cultural, political and economic crisis such as Colombia.