Evaluación de la eficiencia para la captación de aguas lluvia y remoción de coliformes en un sistema urbano de drenaje sostenible empleando pavimentos porosos

Abstract

At present, the management of rainwater in urban environments has been recognized as one of the topics of greatest interest, since the measures adopted to prevent flooding in cities during times of intense rain are not enough. On the other hand, the effect of the runoff generated on the environment transported downstream, is responsible for dragging various pollutants with it. Sustainable development strategies and forms of application have been proposed in different fields of construction, especially in the road infrastructure sector, in order to maintain control over rainwater. Within these strategies, sustainable drainage systems are of great importance, since their application brings with it improvements in water management, taking into account that it is an indispensable resource for human development. Therefore, this project presents the capacity for capturing and removing coliforms from a sustainable urban drainage system through the use of porous pavements. For this, two assemblies of porous pavements were made using activated carbon and anthracite as filter materials. Synthetic rainwater was used for the evaluation of total coliform removal. In this way, samples were obtained from the entrance, exit, 10, 20 and 30 minutes, of which reductions of up to 99.7% of coliforms were achieved in the assembly with anthracite and 7% with activated carbon. Finally, it was found that the retention capacity of anthracite is proportional to its clogging process, which would indicate the implementation of a more strict and adequate maintenance protocol that allows the use of this filter material and prevents biofilms from forming when final layer, accelerating the process of clogging the pavement.