Factores de riesgos que influyen en los trastornos musculoesqueléticos de origen laboral en trabajadores del sector salud

Abstract

The purpose of this documented review was to identify the risk factors that influence occupational musculoskeletal disorders in health workers by characterizing the information recorded in the scientific literature in the last five years. The research focused on the staff of institutions providing health services because the work environment in the field of health often carries a high workload and physical demands that can affect skeletal muscle health. The study was based on data collected through the selection of scientific articles in Spanish, English and Portuguese obtained from databases such as Scielo, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar using descriptors among the most prominent ergonomics, risk factors, musculoskeletal disorders, ergonomic risks, postural hygiene, occupational diseases. For the systematization of the information, a matrix was created in order to characterize, analyze and comply with the objectives outlined in the study. The results obtained from the documented review allowed us to identify the risk factors that are associated with the presence of discomfort or injuries in the musculoskeletal system of biomechanical origin. These risk factors may include awkward postures during tasks, repetitive movements, manual handling of loads, lack of active breaks, and incorrect use of equipment or furniture.