Determinación mediante simulación computacional del comportamiento mecánico de piezas impresas por FDM con diferentes estructuras en celosía

Abstract

Nowadays, conventional methods of manufacturing have been seen quite influenced by 3D printing technology, due to its economic advantages, functional and its innumerable applications. In the same way, computational simulation of parts obtained by additive manufacturing represents a great advance for various industries. In this sense, this work aims to determine through FEA the mechanical behavior of Polylactic Acid / Hydroxyapatite (PLA / HA) parts obtained by 3D printing with different lattice structures. For this, it starts from the study of an experimental tension test according to the ASTM standard D638, which is computationally replicated. Later they are tested different lattice structures through the same test and then applied to an element mechanical. Indeed, when carrying out a simulation, the results obtained must be contrasted with real situations or reports registered in scientific literature or specialized engineering, already that, by itself, it does not guarantee a correct representation of reality. This, with the in order to validate that the behavior obtained with the simulation has logic under a point of physical view and it is possible to extrapolate the model to new and more complex conditions. For this reason, the development of the computational model that tests the different structures in lattice on the specimens and their subsequent application to a PLA / HA graft in the area distal metaphyseal of the right tibia of an adult man, was carried out from the study and FEA replication of the experimental stress test. This not only gave validity to the results obtained in the simulation, but also allowed to extrapolate the concepts applied to a specimen, to a much more complex real model (treatment of a fracture). Taking into account the above, the present study carried out to qualify for the title of Engineer Mechanic from the Santo Tomás University, contributes knowledge in the manufacturing area additive, its materials, its computational simulation using finite elements, its various applications and their study methods, giving rise to future research on the subject.