Determinación de la factibilidad de los residuos orgánicos producidos por los cultivos de plátano en el uso como co-sustrato con excretas porcinas para la generación de biogás.

Abstract

The production of biogas in one of the most booming processes regarding the use of agro-industrial waste in the department of Meta, since it is an alternative that contributes to the reduction of the most common problems that arise in the rural areas of the department. Thus, the present investigation was based on determining the feasibility of using organic residues generated by plantain crops (stem and discarded plantain) as a co-substrate for anaerobic co-digestion with porcine excrement for the production of biogas. The physical-chemical characteristics of the stem and banana discarded as co-substrate were determined, there were obtained results of 80.52% of SV and 24.35% of ST, as well as the previous identification of the biogas biopotential that could have been received in account for other factors such as temperature, humidity, particle size, pH and nature of the co-substrate. The feasibility of producing the biogas biopotential of the co-substrate in co-digestion was carried out by means of an anaerobic digestion process through an experimental setup that was carried out at constant mesophilic temperature conditions of 37 ° C, using 6 glass containers that they fulfilled the function of batch-type reactors, in which 3 runs have been configured, each with a retention time of 20 days and an amount of added co-substrate of 1g. During the experimental tests, the biogas production was determined through the volume displacement, which was measured daily. From the accumulated volume displaced during the duration of each experimental run and the added co-substrate (stem and banana discarded) in each batch reactor, the biogas biopotential of the co-substrate is determined. This biopotential was 402.33 ml / g SV and 82% CH4 for the discarded stem and banana residues, where an assembly was carried out to determine the instantaneous biogas production of the co-substrate, in a stirred reactor of 4 L. In this reactor, a run was carried out with a retention time of 7 days, and an amount of added co-substrate of 20 g, resulting in 2313.98 ml / d * g SV. These results require viability for use and execution in rural reactors, as an alternative energy method and contribution to energy supply.