Viabilidad técnica y económica para la construcción de forjados de bajo costo en Bucaramanga utilizando viguetas de ferrocemento con sección transversal en “C”

Abstract

Currently poverty and uncontrolled migration have triggered great difficulties for many families to access decent housing, this makes them feel forced to build their own home within invasions, with inadequate materials and without following the necessary construction processes to guarantee structural safety in a building, generating what is known today as informal settlements. Figures such as those of ECLAC indicate that in Latin America "1 out of every 5 inhabitants resides in informal settlements" [1], even though in Colombia access to housing is established as a fundamental right, for the year 2011 31.9% of the population of Bucaramanga lived in informal settlements. Thanks to this problem, the research idea for this project arises, where by means of the mechanical characterization of ferrocement beams with a cross section in C, it is verified if its construction is technically and economically viable through the use of materials obtained in the Metropolitan Area. Bucaramanga. For this, three ferrocement joists were built according to the provisions of ACI 549r and later they were characterized by means of bending tests where the maximum load they support was determined along with their corresponding deformations. In addition, a cost analysis was carried out for the construction of a ferrocement slab and it was compared with some APUs made for traditional slabs. Finally, it was determined that the elaborated joists are technically and economically viable since they exceeded the design load while maintaining admissible deformations, while in the cost comparison it was possible to establish that the slabs built in ferrocement are cheaper than the slabs built traditionally.