"El mundo de la ciencia a través del juego”: Estrategia didáctica basada en la lúdica para la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales a niños con necesidades educativas especiales de tercer grado en el colegio Aguas Negras, Montería, Córdoba.

Abstract

This undergraduate thesis, entitled “The World of Science Through Play,” aims to design, implement, and evaluate a play-based teaching strategy for natural science instruction for third-grade students with Special Educational Needs (SEN) at the Aguas Negras School in Montería. The research stems from a problem observed in the educational context, where traditional methodologies focused on memorization predominate, hindering the understanding of biological concepts and limiting the active participation of students with SEN. Using a qualitative approach and the Participatory Action Research methodology, the study seeks to transform pedagogical practice by incorporating play-based learning strategies that promote meaningful learning, motivation, and educational inclusion. To this end, techniques such as participant observation, semi-structured interviews, pedagogical workshops, and a portfolio of evidence were used, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of the teaching and learning processes. The results show that implementing game-based activities significantly enhances student motivation, participation, and social interaction, as well as their understanding of scientific content. These strategies allow learning to be adapted to different styles and paces, reducing barriers and promoting a more equitable and inclusive educational environment.