Formulación de guía metodológica para la evaluación económica ambiental en proyectos del sector de construcción (canteras)

Abstract

The present document was to present a tool that allows the Environmental Economic Assessment (here in after referred to as the EEA) of the impacts associated with the extraction of construction materials in the mining sector, which is a mandatory component within the Environmental Impact Study (here in after EIs) in all economic development projects that require an environmental license. The study began with the interpretation of the technical criteria and processes established by the Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development (here in after MADS), followed by a detailed analysis of the stage of internalization of relevant impacts and economic valuation, these Tow stages that according to the revision of the technical and methodological guides are those that require further interpretation, as well, there as a description of all stages of the EEA for the understanding of professionals or technicians in any area, responsible for the generation of the EIA. The above was made in order to facilitate the understanding and reduce the time of the elaboration of this chapter of the EIA. The interpretation of the information presented in the document object of study ''technical criteria for the use of economic tools in the projects, activities or works” that are the subject of environmental licensing, allowed to show that, despite the fact that there is a large amount of information necessary and important; the criteria is not presented as a sequential guide that shows through a thread which and how to use economic tools from the development of the base line until the time of the economic assessment of the environment. In order to formulate this guide is important to achieve that; impacts product of the processes of exploitation are valued in an appropriate manner and that, through its use and application to simplify the development of the documents for the assessment of environmental impacts are framed within the parameters and requirements that are set to request the environmental licensing, reducing time and improving the effectiveness of this type of tools. Finally, the measures for the management of impacts demonstrated the possibility of internalising impacts such as habitat fragmentation, destabilization of slopes and affectation of the visual quality through the implementation of specific measures; whereas, for the impacts such related to air quality, surface water and groundwater and the removal of organic layers, was necessary to the search for the best methods for environmental economic valuation.