Manejo de derrames químicos en el sector hospitalario desde el enfoque de la seguridad en el trabajo y el medio ambiente

Abstract

The objective of this study is to develop a plan for the prevention and management of hazardous substance spills in second-level hospitals. The problem lies in the presence of a wide variety of chemicals, such as disinfectants and medications, whose improper handling can cause significant harm to health and the environment. The methodology employed consists of an exhaustive bibliographic review, following the approach of Hernández, Fernández, and Baptista (2014), which allows for the collection and analysis of relevant information on chemical spill management. The results show that spills of substances such as sodium hypochlorite, cytotoxic drugs, and laboratory products are common and dangerous, requiring strict handling protocols. Risks were prioritized based on their hazardousness and the volume stored, leading to the development of a specific protocol for spill control, including containment, cleaning, and disposal procedures. The discussions highlight the importance of continuous staff training and the proper use of protective equipment to mitigate risks. The implementation of this protocol is crucial to ensure the safety of workers, patients, and the hospital environment, complying with current regulations and promoting a culture of safety.